| 引用本文: | 陈宇翔,郑荣伟,王庆明,等.关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量时空变化特征及主要因子分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| CHEN Yuxiang,ZHENG Rongwei,WANG Qingming,et al.关中地区参考作物蒸发蒸腾量时空变化特征及主要因子分析[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】参考作物蒸发蒸腾量（ET0）是表征大气蒸发能力的一个重要指标，也是作物需水量估算、灌溉制度合理制定和区域水资源优化配置的关键参数。充分认识关中地区ET0时空变化特征及其主要影响因子，以期为该地区的资源性缺水和农业可持续发展提供科学指导。【方法】使用1980~2019年关中地区43个气象观测站逐日气象资料，结合Penman-Monteith（P-M）模型、反距离权重、逐步回归分析和通径分析等方法，研究近40 a关中地区ET0时空变化特征及其主要影响因子。【结果】最高气温（Tmax）、最低气温（Tmin）、平均气温（T）呈升温趋势，上升温度处于2.05~4.04°C之间；相对湿度（RH）呈下降趋势；日照时数（SSD）整体变化较小；平均风速（WS）则呈减小趋势；气象因子空间分布因海拔、地形不同而表现出差异性；关中地区多年平均ET0为959 mm，整体呈增加趋势，增加速率为1.43 mm/a；ET0空间分布差异较大，多年平均ET0处于852~1099 mm之间，由东北向西南递减，关中地区ET0季节性差异明显；影响关中地区ET0的气象因子排序为：T>SSD>RH>WS；SSD、T、WS与ET0呈正相关；RH与ET0呈负相关。【结论】关中地区ET0在时间上呈增加趋势，空间上由东北向西南递减；4个主要因子对ET0的影响由大到小依次为T、SSD、RH、WS。 |
| 关键词: 参考作物蒸发蒸腾量;P-M模型;反距离权重;气象因子;通径分析 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S271 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0408800) |
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| Spatial-temporal Variation Characteristics of Reference Evapotranspiration and Its Main Factors in the Guanzhong area |
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CHEN Yuxiang1,2,3,2,4,2, ZHENG Rongwei1, WANG Qingming3, ZHANG Yue4
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1.Zhejiang Tongji Vocational College of Science and Technology;2.China;3.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;4.Water Resources and Hydropower Planning and Design General Institute
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】Reference evapotranspiration (ET0) is an important indicator of atmospheric evaporation capacity, and also a key parameter for crop water requirement estimation, rational formulation of irrigation system and optimal allocation of regional water resources. In order to provide scientific guidance for the sustainable development of resources water shortage and agriculture in Guanzhong area, the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of ET0 and its main influencing factors were fully understood.【Method】Data for daily meteorological observations from 43 surface meteorological stations and the methods which include Penman-Monteith model, inverse distance weight, stepwise regression analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the spatial-temporal variations and its main factors in the Guanzhong area from 1980 to 2019. 【Result】The maximum air temperature, minimum air temperature and average air temperature had an upward trend during the period 1980-2019, with a range of 2.05-4.04°C. The average relative humidity and wind speed showed a downward trend, however there was no obvious change trend for sunshine hours. The spatial distribution of meteorological factors shows differences due to different altitudes and topography. The ET0 from 1980 to 2019 was 959.07 mm, and there was a significant upward trend in the climate tendency rate of 1.43 mm/a. Furthermore, the spatial distribution of ET0 has large variability with a range of 852-1099 mm during 1980-2019, decreasing from northeast to southwest. Regionally, the spatial distribution of ET0 is also inconsistent in different quarters. Effects of meteorological factors on ET0 in the Guanzhong area from the most significant to the least significant are in the following sequence: average temperature, sunshine hours, average relative and wind speed. Further, the sunshine hours, average temperature, and wind speed are positively correlated to ET0, while the average relative humidity is negatively correlated to ET0.【Conclusion】The ET0 in Guanzhong area increased during 1980-2019 and decreased from northeast to southwest in space. The influence of the four main factors on ET0 is average temperature, sunshine duration, relative humidity and average wind speed in descending order. |
| Key words: reference evapotranspiration; Penman-Monteith model; inverse distance weight; meteorological factor; path analysis |
