| 引用本文: | 陈盛,黄达,张力,等.秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及水肥状况影响的研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| CHEN Sheng,HUANG Da,zhang Li,et al.秸秆还田对土壤理化性质及水肥状况影响的研究进展[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 农作物秸秆是农作物的重要光合产物和最主要的副产品，资源十分丰富。其富含氮、磷、钾等元素，是农业生态系统中一种十分宝贵的生物质资源，利用潜力巨大。秸秆还田是最主要的秸秆资源化利用方式，具有改良土壤、保水控盐和培肥增产等显著效果。本文系统整理和总结了近十年秸秆还田对土壤理化性质、水盐运移、土壤肥力及作物产量、负面影响及防治措施的研究进展，探究其影响规律和作用机理，探寻不同秸秆还田处理方式的适用性。整理归纳了秸秆还田配合不同耕作方式、添加物及预处理和粉碎程度等改善土壤理化性质的研究概况，总结了秸秆改善土壤理化性质作用机理；对比分析了秸秆还田量、埋深、长度和还田方式等对秸秆还田调控水盐运移的影响，探究了秸秆保水控盐的作用机理；总结概述了秸秆还田提升土壤肥力，促进作物增产的研究成果，提出了配施氮肥，加快秸秆腐解和注意土壤初始水肥条件等合理建议；阐述介绍了当前秸秆还田面临的主要问题及其防治措施；最后，在前人的研究基础上提出了秸秆还田实际应用的部分注意事项，并对未来潜在研究方向进行了展望。以期为秸秆资源化利用、盐渍土改良、农业高效生产等方面的研究、应用与决策提供有价值的参考依据。 |
| 关键词: 秸秆还田；土壤团聚体；水盐运移；土壤肥力；土壤改良 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S156.4 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（面上项目，重点项目，重大项目）,中国博士后科学基金 |
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| Research progress on effects of straw mulching on soil physicochemical properties and soil water and fertilizer status:A review |
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CHEN Sheng1, HUANG Da1, zhang Li2, GUO Xiang-ping3, ZHANG Shuxuan3, CAO Xinchun3
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1.Hohai university;2.Yancheng Agricultural Resources Development Planning, Design and Evaluation Center;3.Hohai University
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| Abstract: |
| Crop straw is an important photosynthetic product and the most important by-product of crops.It is rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other elements, and is a very valuable biomass resource in agricultural ecosystem.Straw mulching is the most important way of straw resource utilization, which has significant effects on soil improvement, water conservation and salt control, fertilizer cultivation and yield increase.In this paper, the research progress on the effects of straw mulching on soil physical and chemical properties, water and salt transport, soil fertility and crop yield, negative effects and control measures in recent ten years was systematically summarized, and the influence law and action mechanism were explored to explore the applicability of different straw mulching treatments.The research situation of improving soil physical and chemical properties by straw mulching in combination with different tillage methods, additives, pretreatment and comminution degree was systematically summarized, and the mechanism of straw improving soil physical and chemical properties was summarized.The effects of straw mulching amount, buried depth, length and returning way on regulating water and salt migration were compared and analyzed, and the mechanism of straw retaining water and controlling salt was explored.The research results of straw mulching to the field to improve soil fertility and promote crop yield wre summarized, and some reasonable suggestions were put forward, such as applying nitrogen fertilizer, accelerating straw decomposition and paying attention to initial soil water and fertilizer conditions.The main problems and prevention measures of straw mulching to fields were introduced.In the last part, based on the previous studies, some points for attention in the practical application of straw mulching were put forward, and the potential research directions in the future were prospected.It can provide valuable research, application and decision-making reference for straw resource utilization, saline soil improvement and agricultural efficient production. |
| Key words: Straw mulching; soil aggregate;water and salt transport; soil fertility;soil improvement |
