| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探明研究区耕层土壤微量元素含量现状及其影响因素。【方法】本试验分别在山西省小麦、玉米和谷子种植区，各选择作物种植面积最大的3个代表性县域，在每个县域选取100个采样点，分析其耕层土壤微量元素（Fe、Mn、Zn、Se）含量，及其与pH、有机质、土壤类型和种植制度的关系。【结果】研究区耕层土壤Fe、Mn、Zn和Se 分别为30.42 g/kg、626.55 mg/kg、78.06 mg/kg和0.283 mg/kg。各种植区土壤微量元素含量总体表现为：小麦种植区>玉米种植区>谷子种植区，尽管3个种植区土壤微量元素整体处于中等（或适量）及以上水平，但同时也存在不同程度的微量元素缺乏，研究区整体Fe缺乏比例最大，谷子种植区整体微量元素缺乏比例最大。不同土壤类型中，石质土、潮土、粗骨土、褐土和红黏土的微量元素含量，显著高于棕壤、黄绵土、栗褐土和风沙土（P < 0.05），其中石质土微量元素含量最高，棕壤和风沙土含量最低。相关性分析结果表明，pH与4种微量元素均呈极显著负相关，有机质与4种微量元素均呈极显著正相关。种植制度、土壤类型、pH和有机质4种影响因素对土壤Se含量的综合解释率最高，为47.9 %；Mn含量变化仅受土壤类型和有机质影响，其综合解释率为8.1 %。【结论】尽管现阶段山西省主要粮食作物种植区耕层土壤Fe、Mn、Zn和Se 4种微量元素总体处于中等（适量）及以上水平，但仍然需要注重对Fe的补充，以及提升谷子种植区整体养分含量。土壤Se含量受环境变化影响最大，而Mn在土壤中的较为稳定。 |
| 关键词: 山西省；主要粮食作物；耕层土壤；微量元素 ；含量特征；影响因素 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S |
| 基金项目: |
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| Characteristics of soil trace elements from main grain crop growing areas in Shanxi Province |
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liuyang, Li Tingliang
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Shanxi Agriculture University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background and objective】For proven arable layer of soil trace element content and its influencing factors in the study area. 【Method】We select three representative counties with the largest crop, respectively in wheat, corn and millet area, and choose 100 sampling points in each county, in Shanxi Province. Finally, analyzes its top layer of soil trace elements (Fe, Mn, zinc, Se) content,??and their relationship with pH, organic matter, soil type and crop type. 【Result】The contents of Fe, Mn, Zn and Se in the topsoil of the study area were 30.42 g/kg, 626.55 mg/kg, 78.06 mg/kg and 0.283 mg/kg.?And the contents of four kinds of trace elements in different planting areas are as follows: wheat planting area > corn planting area > millet planting area. Although the soil trace elements in the three growing areas were at medium (or moderate) or above level, there were also trace element deficiency in different degrees. The overall Fe deficiency proportion was the largest in the study area, and the overall trace element deficiency proportion was the largest in millet growing area.?The contents of trace element in litho soils, fluvo-aquic soils, faagmental soils, cinnamon soils and red clay soils were significantly higher than those in brown soils, cultivated loessal soils, castno-cinnamon soils and aeolian sandy soils (P < 0.05).?The contents of trace elements in litho soils and fluvo-aquic soils were the highest, while the contents in castno-cinnamon soils and aeolian sandy soils were the lowest.?However, the differences of the same trace element content among different soil genera were not significant. Correlation analysis results showed that pH was significantly negatively correlated with the four trace elements, organic matter was significantly positively correlated with the four trace elements. and the correlation between the four trace elements was extremely significantly positive. There was a significant positive correlation among the four trace elements. Further, multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the comprehensive explanatory rates of the four influencing factors, including planting area, soil type, pH and organic matter on the soil Se content was the highest, up to 47.9 %, the variation of Mn content was only affected by soil type and organic matter, and the comprehensive interpretation rate was 8.1 %. The contents of trace elements in the study area were generally as follows: wheat growing area > corn growing area > millet growing area.【Conclusion】In conclusion, although Fe, Mn, Zn and Se are at moderate (moderate) or above level in surface soil of main grain crop growing areas in Shanxi Province at present, it is still necessary to pay attention to Fe supplement and improve the overall nutrient content in millet growing areas.?Se content in soil was most affected by environmental changes, while Mn content in soil was relatively stable. |
| Key words: Shanxi Province; main grain crop planting area; surface soil; trace elements; content characteristic; influence factors |
