引用本文: | 贾潇倩,王硕,房琴,等.冬小麦品种耗水时空差异对产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,():-. |
| Jia Xiaoqian,Wang Shuo,Fang Qin,et al.冬小麦品种耗水时空差异对产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,():-. |
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摘要: |
【目的】探究冬小麦品种耗水时空差异对产量的影响,为筛选抗旱型品种提高缺水地区冬小麦产量提供理论依据。【方法】采用双因素随机区组设计,以沧麦6002(CM6002)和衡4399(H4399)2个试验材料为主处理,每个品种设置3个水分处理:全生育期不灌水(W0处理)、春一水(拔节期灌溉,W1处理)和春二水(拔节期和开花期灌溉,W2处理),每次灌水量60.0 mm,研究了冬小麦品种各生育时期和各土层的耗水差异对产量的影响。【结果】CM6002总耗水量、土壤贮水消耗量及其占总耗水量的比例和H4399差异不显著,但阶段耗水量有较大差异。其中,播种至拔节期,CM6002土壤贮水消耗量、耗水量高于H4399,品种间差异不显著;拔节至开花期,CM6002土壤贮水消耗量、耗水量显著低于H4399;开花至成熟期,CM6002土壤贮水消耗量、耗水量高于H4399,W1处理下2品种差异显著。W0处理下,CM6002在120~200 cm土层土壤贮水消耗量显著高于H4399。W1处理、W2处理下,H4399在0~40 cm土层土壤贮水消耗量显著高于CM6002,但120~160 cm土层土壤贮水消耗量显著低于CM6002。与H4399相比,CM6002降低了花前干物质转运量、转运率及对籽粒的贡献率,但增加了花后干物质积累量和对籽粒的贡献率。W0处理、W1处理、W2处理下,CM6002产量分别较H4399高2.7%、1.3%、3.2%。【结论】在本试验条件下,减少拔节至开花期耗水,增加播种至拔节期、开花至成熟期耗水和深层土壤贮水消耗量,有利于提高冬小麦产量。 |
关键词: 冬小麦品种;耗水特性;干物质积累量;产量 |
DOI: |
分类号:S512.11 |
基金项目:国家小麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-03-05);国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0300909)河北农业大学引进人才科研专项(YJ201851) |
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Effects of spatial-temporal dynamics in crop water consumption on grain yield of winter wheat |
Jia Xiaoqian, Wang Shuo, Fang Qin, Li Ruiqi
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Hebei Agricultural University
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Abstract: |
【Objective】The effect of water consumption of winter wheat varieties on yield was investigated to provide theoretical basis for selecting drought-resistant varieties to improve winter wheat yield in water-deficient areas. 【Method】A two-factor randomized block design was adopted, Cangmai 6002 (CM6002) and Heng 4399 (H4399) were used as the main treatments. Three water treatments were set for each variety: no irrigation in the whole growth stage (W0 treatment), spring first water (irrigation at jointing stage, W1 treatment) and spring second water (irrigation at jointing stage and anthesis stage, W2 treatment), each irrigation amount was 60.0 mm. The effects of water consumption difference in different growth stages and soil layers on winter wheat yield were studied.【Result】There was no significant difference between CM6002 and H4399 in total water consumption, soil water storage consumption and its proportion in total water consumption, but there was a great difference in water consumption at different stages. From sowing to jointing stage, CM6002 soil water storage consumption and water consumption were higher than H4399, but there was no significant difference among varieties. From jointing to anthesis stage, CM6002 soil water storage consumption and water consumption were significantly lower than H4399. From anthesis to maturity, water storage consumption and water consumption of CM6002 were higher than those of H4399, and there were significant differences between the two cultivars under W1 treatment. Under W0 treatment, soil water storage consumption of CM6002 in 120~200 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that of H4399. Under W1 and W2 treatments, soil water storage consumption of H4399 in 0~40 cm soil layer was significantly higher than that of CM6002, but that in 120~160 cm soil layer was significantly lower than that of CM6002. Compared with H4399, CM6002 decreased the pre-anthesis dry matter mobilization, dry matter mobilization efficiency and contribution rate to grain, but increased the post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and contribution rate to grain. The yield of CM6002 was 2.7%, 1.3% and 3.2% higher than that of H4399 under W0, W1 and W2 treatments, respectively.【Conclusion】Under the experimental conditions, reducing water consumption from jointing to anthesis, increasing water consumption from sowing to jointing, anthesis to maturity and deep soil water storage consumption were beneficial to increase winter wheat yield. |
Key words: Winter wheat varieties; Water consumption characteristics; Dry matter accumulation; Yield |