| 引用本文: | 张彩仙,杨苗,杨萍果,等.不同灌溉量对鲜食葡萄生长及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| ZHANG Caixian,YANG Miao,YANG Pingguo,et al.不同灌溉量对鲜食葡萄生长及品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】确定在畦灌条件下鲜食葡萄的适宜灌溉量，为鲜食葡萄的生产提供科学的数据支撑。【方法】以多年生‘无核翠宝’和‘晶红宝’为试验材料，设置了3种不同的灌溉量： CK常规浇灌（2570 m3·hm-2）； T1常规灌溉量的80%（2056 m3·hm-2）； T2常规灌溉量的60%（1542 m3·hm-2）。研究不同灌溉量对于0~100cm不同土层土壤含水量的影响，以及对葡萄新稍长度、茎粗、总酚、单宁、总类黄酮及黄烷醇等品质指标及产量相关指标的影响。【结果】随着土壤深度的增加，不同灌溉量对各土层土壤含水量的影响减小，新稍生长期与果实膨大期深层土壤含水量变化较大。在新稍生长初期，不同灌水量对无核翠宝的新稍长度影响较为显著，与CK相比，T1、T2显著降低了12.72%、14.93%；但其对晶红宝无显著影响。晶红宝的穗重及果实的横径随着灌水量的减少而减小。无核翠宝在T1处理下的穗重最大为492.83 g，与CK相比增加了39.90%，但差异不显著。不同灌溉量对葡萄果实的总酚、单宁、总类黄酮及黄烷醇含量影响显著。无核翠宝的总酚与黄烷醇含量随着灌水量的减少而减少，而晶红宝的总酚及单宁含量随着灌水量的减少显著增加，T2处理与CK相比分别增加了13.60%、284.34%。，不同灌溉量对可滴定酸的含量及固酸比无显著影响，无核翠宝的可溶性固形物含量随着灌水量的减少显著增加，T1、T2分别较CK显著增加了4.31%、7.76%。而晶红宝则是在T1处理下达到最大值19.15%，与CK相比显著增加了1.59%。【结论】综合考虑葡萄植株的生长及果实品质等指标，在新稍生长期与果实膨大期，无核翠宝与晶红宝的灌溉量为常规灌溉量的80%最好。 |
| 关键词: 鲜食葡萄；灌溉量；土壤含水量；品质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0112300),山西省研究生教育教学改革课题(2021YJJG143) |
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| Effects of different irrigation amount on growth and quality of table grap |
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ZHANG Caixian1,2, YANG Miao3, YANG Pingguo1, YANG Mingxia4, DONG Zhigang4,5, LONG Huaiyu2
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1.College of Life Science，Shanxi Normal University;2.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;3.College of Arts and Sciences，Shanxi Agricultural University;4.Pomology Institute, Shanxi Agricultural University;5.Grape and Wine Engineering Technology Research Center
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 To determine the appropriate irrigation amount for grape under border irrigation, and to provide data support for table grape production.?【Methods】 Perennial Wuhe Cuibao and Jinghongbao were used as experimental materials, and three different irrigation rates were set up: CK: conventional irrigation (2570 m3·hm-2);? T1: 80% of the conventional irrigation amount (2056 m3·hm-2); T2: 60% of the conventional irrigation amount (1542 m3·hm-2).?The effects of different irrigation amount on soil water content in different soil layers of 0~100 cm, length of grape stalk, stem diameter, quality indexes and yield-related indexes were studied.?【Result】 With the increase of soil depth, the influence of different irrigation amount on soil water content decreased, and the deep soil water content changed greatly in the new shooting period and fruit expanding period.?At the initial stage of new shoot, different irrigation amount had a significant effect on the length of new shoot. Compared with CK, T1 and T2 significantly decreased by 12.72% and 14.93%.?But it has no significant effect on Jinghongbao.?The panicle weight and fruit diameter of Jinghongbao decreased with decreasing irrigation amount.?The maximum panicle weight of Wuhe Cuibao under T1 was 492.83 g, increased by 39.90% compared with CK, but the difference was not significant.?The contents of total phenols, tannins, flavonoids and flavanols in grape fruit were significantly affected by different irrigation amount.?The contents of total phenol and flavanol of Seedless Tripod decreased with the decrease of irrigation amount, while the contents of total phenol and tannin of Jinghongbao increased significantly with the decrease of irrigation amount, and increased by 13.60% and 284.34% in T2 compared with CK, respectively. Different irrigation amount had no significant effect on titratable acid content and solid acid ratio. The content of soluble solid increased significantly with the decrease of irrigation amount, T1 and T2 significantly increased by 4.31% and 7.76% compared with CK, respectively. Jinghongbao reached the maximum value of 19.15% under T1 treatment, significantly increased by 1.59% compared with CK.?【Conclusion】 Considering the growth and fruit quality of grape, the irrigation amount of Wuhe Cuibao and Jinghongbao was 80% of the conventional irrigation amount in the new shooting period and fruit expanding period. |
| Key words: table grape; irrigation amount; soil moisture content; quality |
