| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探明咸水灌溉对土壤盐分分布与设施番茄生长及生理的影响。【方法】本试验以南疆设施番茄为研究对象，设置4个灌水矿化度，分别为T1（2 g·L-1）、T2（4 g·L-1）、T3（6 g·L-1）和T4（8 g·L-1），并以淡水灌溉为对照（CK），开展咸水灌溉条件下设施番茄生理特性及土壤盐分分布的影响研究。【结果】在垂直方向上各处理土壤含盐量随土层深度增加逐渐减小，水平方向上盐分主要积聚在20~40 cm处；生育期末盐分主要积聚在20~60cm浅层土壤处，形成积盐区，且随着灌溉水矿化度的提高积盐区逐渐扩大；2~4 g·L-1的咸水灌溉，对番茄株高茎粗生长具有一定的促进作用，对干物质总量无显著影响，6~8 g·L-1抑制作用明显；当灌水矿化度为2 g·L-1时叶绿素总量达到最大，4 g·L-1时类胡萝卜素含量达到最大；当灌水矿化度大于4 g·L-1时，植物器官内大量积累的活性氧已经超出保护酶的清除能力；【结论】综合考虑设施番茄产量及品质，在淡水资源紧缺，地下咸水资源丰富的南疆地区，可尝试采用2~4 g·L-1矿化度的咸水对设施番茄进行灌溉。 |
| 关键词: 番茄；咸水；植株生长；叶片生理；产量；品质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S275.6；S274.1；S273.4 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目（51669032）；塔里木大学校长基金创新团队项目（TDZKC202002）；兵团科技攻关项目（2018AB027） |
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| Effects of saline water irrigation on soil salinity and physiological indexes of greenhouse tomato |
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majiaying, lizhaoyang
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Tarim University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 In order to explore the influence of saline water irrigation on the distribution of soil salt content and physiological indicators of growth of protected tomatoes.【Method】This experiment took the protected tomatoes in southern Xinjiang as the research object, and set 4 irrigation salinities, respectively T1 ( 2 g·L-1), T2 (4 g·L-1), T3 (6 g·L-1) and T4 (8 g·L-1), with fresh water irrigation as the control (CK), and carry out the same Research on the suitable irrigation salinity of facility tomato under the condition of irrigation quota.【Result】(1)In the vertical direction, the soil salt content of each treatment gradually decreased with the increase of soil depth. In the horizontal direction, the salt mainly accumulated at 20~40 cm. (2)at the end of the growth period, the salt mainly accumulated at the shallow soil of 20~60 cm. Salt accumulation area, and with the increase of the salinity of irrigation water, the salt accumulation area gradually expands. (3)2~4 g·L-1 saline water irrigation can promote the growth of tomato plant height and stem thickness to a certain extent, and it has a certain effect on the total dry matter. There is no significant effect on the amount of water, and the inhibitory effect of 6~8 g·L-1 is obvious; when the irrigation salinity is 2 g·L-1, the total chlorophyll content reaches the maximum, and the carotenoid content reaches the maximum when the irrigation salinity is 2 g·L-1. (4)When the irrigation salinity is greater than 4 g·L-1, the large amount of active oxygen accumulated in the plant organs has exceeded the scavenging capacity of the protective enzymes. (5)When the irrigation salinity was 2~4 g·L-1, the yield was guaranteed and the fruit quality was significantly improved.【Conclusion】Considering the soil salt content, plant growth and leaf physical and chemical properties and other indicators, in southern Xinjiang where fresh water resources are scarce and ground salt water resources are abundant, a salt with a salinity of 2~4 g·L-1 may be used. The water irrigates the facility tomatoes. |
| Key words: tomato ; salt water ; plant growth ; leaf physiology ; yield and quality |
