畦灌条件下不同水肥处理对麦田水氮运移的影响

汪顺生; 武闯; 柳腾飞

引用本文:	汪顺生,武闯,柳腾飞.畦灌条件下不同水肥处理对麦田水氮运移的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-.
	wangshunsheng,Wu Chuang,Liu Tengfei.畦灌条件下不同水肥处理对麦田水氮运移的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-.

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畦灌条件下不同水肥处理对麦田水氮运移的影响
汪顺生^1,2, 武闯¹, 柳腾飞¹
1.：华北水利水电大学水利学院;2.：黄河流域水资源高效利用省部共建协同创新中心

摘要:

【目的】为探究不同水肥梯度对冬小麦生育期内土壤水、氮分布的影响。【方法】在田间试验基础上利用HYDRUS模型对畦灌麦田根区土壤水氮运移特性进行数值模拟。【结果】HYDRUS模型可较好的模拟根区土壤水氮分布，模拟值与实测值的决定系数R2大于0.84，RMSE和MAE分别小于0.807和0.695；提高土壤水分控制下限，小麦生育期内灌水次数增加，灌水后1～2 d内表层土层硝态氮含量向下淋溶，导致硝态氮含量0～20 cm土层明显降低并随时间推移向20～100 cm土层运移，而灌水对各土层铵态氮含量无明显影响；随施氮量的增加，冬小麦0～60 cm土层中硝态氮、铵态氮含量有明显提升，其中0～40 cm土层中硝态氮含量和0～20 cm铵态氮含量较其他土层明显增加，0～40 cm土层含水率随施氮量的增加而下降。【结论】HYDRUS模型可以较好的模拟不同水氮处理下土壤中水氮分布情况，模拟结果可为探究畦灌麦田水肥管理制度，降低氮素淋溶风险提供科学依据。

关键词: 氮素分布;土壤含水率分布;畦灌;冬小麦;HYDRUS模拟

DOI：

分类号:S275.3

基金项目:号：国家自然科学基金(52079051)；河南省高等学校重点科研项目(22A570004)

Effects of different water and fertilizer treatments on water and nitrogen transport in wheat field under border irrigation

wangshunsheng¹, Wu Chuang², Liu Tengfei²

1.North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power;2.School of Water Conservancy, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power

Abstract:

Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the effects of different water and fertilizer gradients on soil water and nitrogen distribution in winter wheat growing period. 【Method】 Based on field experiment, the characteristics of soil water and nitrogen transport in root area of wheat field under border irrigation were numerically simulated using HYDRUS model. 【Results】 The HYDRUS model could well simulate the distribution of soil water and nitrogen in root zone. The coefficient of determination (R2) of simulated and measured values was greater than 0.84, RMSE and MAE were less than 0.807 and 0.695, respectively. When the lower limit of soil water control was raised, irrigation increased the number of times during the growing period of wheat, and nitrate nitrogen content in the surface layer decreased significantly in 0～20 cm soil layer and migrated to 20～100 cm soil layer over time within 1～2 days after irrigation, while irrigation had no significant effect on ammonium nitrogen content in each soil layer. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, the contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in 0～60 cm soil layer of winter wheat increased significantly, and the contents of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in 0～40 cm soil layer increased significantly compared with other soil layers, while the water content in 0～40 cm soil layer decreased with the increase of nitrogen application rate. 【Conclusion】 The HYDRUS model can better simulate the distribution of water and nitrogen in soil under different water and nitrogen treatments, and the simulation results can provide a scientific basis for exploring the water and fertilizer management system of wheat field with border irrigation and reducing the risk of nitrogen leaching.

Key words: Nitrogen distribution; Distribution of soil moisture content; Border irrigation. Winter wheat; HYDRUS simulation