| 引用本文: | 潘 晨,杨 宇,漆栋良.不同灌溉条件下氮肥配施模式对水稻干物质和产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| PAN Chen,YANG Yu,QI Dongliang.不同灌溉条件下氮肥配施模式对水稻干物质和产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】研究不同灌溉模式下氮肥配施模式对水稻生长、干物质积累和分配、产量形成的影响。为水稻水肥高效管理提供理论依据和技术支持。【方法】以“超级稻-两优152”为供试作物，采取完全随机设计，灌溉方式设置常规灌溉（CF）和干湿交替灌溉（AWD）2种，氮肥配施模式设置100%普通尿素（N1），60%控释尿素+40%普通尿素 (N2)和100%控释尿素（N3），施氮总量均为240 kg N/hm2。测定不同处理组合下各生育期水稻叶片SPAD值、株高、抽穗期和成熟期各器官干物质量、不同生长期的总头数、籽粒产量及其构成因素。【结果】同一施氮水平下，与CF相比，AWD下拔节期至灌浆期水稻叶片的SPAD值、作物生长速率、茎蘖成穗率、干物质积累量及其向籽粒的分配比例增加。同一灌溉模式下，与N1相比，N2和N3的茎蘖成穗率、作物生长速率、干物质积累量、每穗粒数、千粒重、结实率及籽粒产量增加。而且， N2较N3进一步提高籽粒产量。整体来看，与其他处理相比，AWD耦合N2获得较高的SPAD值、茎蘖成穗率、作物生长速率、干物质积累量、收获指数、穗粒数、千粒重、结实率和籽粒产量。【结论】干湿交替灌溉耦合60%控释尿素+40%普通尿素有利于减少水稻的无效分蘖，改善植株的氮营养状况，促进干物质的积累及其向籽粒的分配，从而提高籽粒产量。 |
| 关键词: 水稻;干湿交替灌溉;控释尿素;收获指数;干物质 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S276.3 |
| 基金项目:水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室开放基金（2020NSG05） |
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| Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Compounding Modes on Rice Dry Matter and Yield under Different Irrigation Conditions |
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PAN Chen, YANG Yu, QI Dongliang
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College of Agriculture,Yangtze University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The effects of nitrogen fertilizer mixed application modes under different irrigation modes on rice growth, dry matter accumulation and distribution, and yield formation were studied. Provide theoretical basis and technical support for efficient management of rice water and fertilizer.【Method】With Super Rice-Liangyou 152 as the test crop, it was completely randomly designed, and the irrigation method was set up with two kinds of conventional irrigation (CF) and alternating wet and dry irrigation (AWD), and the nitrogen fertilizer mixed application mode was set up with 100% ordinary urea (N1), 60% controlled-release urea + 40% ordinary urea (N2) and 100% controlled-release urea (N3), and the total amount of nitrogen applied was 240 kg N/hm2. The SPAD values of rice leaves, plant height, dry matter quality of each organ at the panicle extraction stage and maturity stage, the total number of heads in different growth periods, the grain yield and its constituent factors at different growth stages were measured under different treatment combinations.【Result】At the same nitrogen application level, AWD can reduce ineffective tillering, increase the SPAD value from the jointing stage to the filling stage, the dry matter accumulation of plants and the proportion of distribution to the grain. At the same irrigation level, compared with N1, N2 and N3 couplings effectively reduced the SPAD values of ineffective tillering and maturity stage in late growth, and improved the number of grains per panicle, the weight of 1,000 grains and the seed setting rate, and in particular, it was more significant at the N2 level, and finally obtained the highest yield.【Conclusion】Alternate wetting and drying irrigation combined with 60% controlled release urea + 40% common urea could promote dry matter accumulation and distribution to grains of rice, thus increasing rice yield. |
| Key words: rice; alternate wetting and drying irrigation; controlled release urea; harvest index; dry matter accumulation |
