| 引用本文: | 李健威,庄春义,张鹏,等.山区中小河流防洪水库对水温影响的模拟研究—以固军水库为例[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Li Jianwei,Zhuang Chunyi,Zhang Peng,et al.山区中小河流防洪水库对水温影响的模拟研究—以固军水库为例[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 摘要：【目的】探究山区中小河流防洪水库的水温影响。【方法】本文以洪灾高发的中小河流域嘉陵江流域的固军水库为研究对象，采用立面二维水动力水温模型对典型平、枯、丰水年（情景1、2、3）不同情景下的库区水温分布与下泄水温进行了模拟，探讨了防洪水库对水温的改变及对国家水产种质资源保护区鱼类产卵、洄游等生命活动的影响程度。【结果】①固军水库在不同情景条件下，均表现为季节性分层水库，且不存在全年稳定的库底水温。②水库水温的重塑为国家种质资源保护区内的裂腹鱼洄游创造了更多适宜洄游的水温通道。③固军水库运行对下游水温存在明显影响，当单层取水时，情景1，2和3下的鲤、鲫鱼的产卵开始时间分别由现状的4月中旬延迟至4月末，5月初以及4月下旬，影响程度从小到大：情景3>情景1>情景2。④固军水库采用前置挡墙取水后，春季低温水现象得到了有效缓解。平、丰水年条件下产卵期间的“低温水”现象几乎消失，而枯水年的低温水影响程度极其有限。【结论】中小河流防洪水库的低水位运行有利于库区鱼类洄游产卵，可采用前置挡墙缓解下泄低温水以保护鱼类产卵。研究成果可为水库管理者实施生态调度提供基础技术支撑。 |
| 关键词: 防洪水库;水温;国家种质资源保护区;分层取水 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:X522 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0401700)；国家自然科学基金(51379136)2 |
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| Simulation study on the effects of small and medium-sized river flood control reservoirs in mountainous areas on water temperature: A case study in Gujun Reservoir |
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Li Jianwei1,2, Zhuang Chunyi1,2, Zhang Peng3, liang ruifeng3
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1.Sichuan Water Resources and Hydroelectric Investigation &2.Design Institute CO., LTD;3.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Exploring the effect of water temperature in small and medium-sized river flood control reservoirs in mountainous areas.【Method】In this paper, the Gujun reservoir, which is in Jialing River Basin, was selected as the research target. A laterally-averaged water temperature model was developed to simulate the water temperature distribution in the reservoir and water temperature released from reservoir under different scenarios in typical normal, dry and wet years (namely, scenario 1, 2 and 3, respectively). Then, the influence of the reservoir on water temperature, fish migration and spawning in National Aquatic Germplasm Reserves in China were discussed.【Result】The results showed that Gujun reservoir was a seasonal stratified reservoir under all scenarios, and there was no stable bottom water temperature in the whole year. The remolding of reservoir water temperature structures created more suitable water temperature channels for Schizothorax migration in the National Aquatic Germplasm Reserves. In addition, the operation of Gujun reservoir has a significant impact on the water temperature downstream. When reservoir operated without mitigating measures, the spawning start time of Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus under scenarios 1, 2 and 3 were delayed to the end of April, early May and the last the third of April respectively, where the influence degree from small to large was scenario 3 > scenario 1 > scenario 2. Moreover, the phenomenon of low temperature water in spring had been effectively alleviated when the reservoir operated with stratified water intake measures at which the negative effects on spawning almost disappeared under scenarios 1 and 3, while the influence degree of low temperature water in scenarios 2 was extremely limited.【Conclusion】The low water level operation of flood control reservoirs in small and medium-sized rivers is conducive to the migration of fish in the reservoir area, meanwhile the front retaining wall can be used to alleviate the low-temperature water discharged to protect fish spawning. The results of this research can provide basic technical support for reservoir managers to implement ecological operation. |
| Key words: Flood control reservoir; Water temperature; National Aquatic Germplasm Reserves; Stratified water intake |
