| 引用本文: | 胡明宇,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.U形渠道平板闸门过流特性试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Hu Mingyu,Wang wene,Hu Xiaotao,et al.U形渠道平板闸门过流特性试验研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】利用U形渠道平板闸门测量流量可避免二次水头损失,但U形平板闸门过流特征与矩形闸门存在较大差异,需系统研究其水力性能,建立流量公式。【方法】本文根据U形渠道横断面特征,设计了U形渠道平板闸门并进行不同闸门开度e的过流能力试验,根据沿程水深、佛汝德数Fr分析了U形闸门孔流与堰流分界点的判定依据及过流能力,建立了不同流态的闸孔出流公式。【结果】U形平板闸门孔堰流判定依据相对开度e/H(H为闸前稳定水头)接近1,Fr沿程分布规律较统一,平均相对水头损失达7%,流量公式误差小于3.5%,不易出现自由出流。【结论】U形平板闸门水头损失较小,水力性能较优,流量公式的测流精度较高,可为灌区U形渠道流量测量提供依据。 |
| 关键词: U形渠道;闸门;水力性能;闸孔出流;量水 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:TV135.3 |
| 基金项目:陕西省水利科技计划资助项目(2021slkj-8)；西北农林科技大学大学生创新训练计划国家级项目(202110712116) |
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| Experimental study on flow characteristics of sluice gates in the U-shaped channel |
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Hu Mingyu, Wang wene, Hu Xiaotao, Wang Shilong, Fan Kai, Liu Dukun
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Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas,Ministry of Education,Northwest A FUniversity
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Secondary head loss can be avoided by sluice gate for measuring flow rate in the U-shaped channel. However, the flow characteristics of U-shaped sluice gate are quite different from those of rectangular sluice gate. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically study its hydraulic characteristics and establish flow formula. 【Method】According to the cross section characteristics of U-shaped channel, the U-shaped channel sluice gate was designed and the flow capacity test was carried out. The judgment basis of the critical ratio of orifice flow to weir flow and the influence factors of flow capacity were analyzed based on the water surface line and Froude number. At the same time the orifice flow formulas for different flow regime were established. 【Result】The critical ratio of orifice flow to weir flow is close to 1, the Froude number is uniformly distributed along the path, the average relative head loss was 7%, The error of the flow formula is less than 3.5%.【Conclusion】The head loss of U-shaped sluice gate is small with excellent hydraulic performance, the flow formula is accurate, it can provide basis for flow measurement of u-shaped channel in irrigation area. |
| Key words: U-shaped channel; sluice gate; hydraulic characteristics; orifice flow; flow measurement |
