| 引用本文: | 王涛,蒲胜海,杨广,等.棉杆炭对黏土冬灌水分运移的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| wang tao,pu shenghai,yang guang,et al.棉杆炭对黏土冬灌水分运移的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 棉杆炭对黏土冬灌水分运移的影响 |
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王涛,蒲胜海,杨广,等
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1.石河子大学水利建筑工程学院;2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所;3.农业农村部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室;4.新疆慧尔农业集团股份有限公司
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| 摘要: |
| 摘 要:【目的】探讨棉杆炭对黏土冬灌水分入渗能力、入渗特征和冬灌水量分配的影响。【方法】通过一维土柱模拟试验，分析3个冬灌定额（280、340和400m3/亩，记为W1、W2、W3），和棉杆炭（0%、1%、2%、4%，记为C0、C1、C2和C4）协同作用下对黏土湿润锋、累积入渗量、入渗速率和水量分配的影响。【结果】棉杆炭添加促进湿润锋运移，炭土层历时呈单峰趋势，添加量越大，湿润锋到土柱底部所用时间越短；各处理土壤初始入渗率较C0分别增加6.5%、22.8%、32.0%，平均入渗率增加6.9%、16.8%、21.4%，稳定入渗率增加11.4%、38.6%、40.9%；入渗过程进行到炭土层底部（20cm）时各处理累积入渗量与C0相比增加5.0%、6.0%、9.8%，在土柱底部增加1.2%、4.5%、6.3%，累积入渗量随棉杆炭添加呈上升趋势；W1、W2、W3处理下土壤持水量占灌溉定额比例为63.6%、53.3%、46.6% ，炭土层持水量与棉杆炭添加量呈正相关关系，渗漏量占灌溉定额比例27.3%、38.2%、45.6%，蒸发量占比8.5%左右。【结论】棉杆炭添加促进黏土水分入渗，增大土壤入渗能力，炭土层持水量与棉杆炭添加呈正相关关系，渗漏量受灌溉定额影响较大。本研究丰富了棉杆炭应用前景，为黏土改良、提高冬灌水利用率和冬灌管理提供理论依据和科学支撑。 |
| 关键词: 棉杆炭；湿润锋；土壤水分；冬灌；入渗 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S152.7 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划 (2021YFD1900803),新疆农业科学院自主培育项目(nkyzzkj-009),第三次新疆综合科学考察项目(SQ2021xjkk02704),兵团科技攻关计划项目(2021AB021),兵团科技合作计划项目(2022BC001)。 |
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| Effect of Cotton Charcoal on Water Transport of Clay in Winter Irrigation |
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wang tao1,2, pu shenghai3,4,5, yang guang6,7, li pan3,4, ma xingwang3,4, ma honghong3,4,8, wang zeyu3,4, niu xinxiang3,4, liu xiaoli3,4
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1.CollegeofWaterConservancy&2.ArchitecturalEngineering,Shihezi University;3.Institute of Soil ,Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Saving, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences;4.Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Agricultural Environment of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs;5.Xinjiang Huier Agricultural Group Co., Ltd.;6.College of Water Conservancy &7.Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University;8.Xinjiang Huier Agricultural Group Co., Ltd.,
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract:【Objective】The effects of cotton stalk charcoal on water infiltration capacity, infiltration characteristics and water allocation of clay in winter irrigation were discussed.【Method】Through one-dimensional soil column simulation experiment, the effects of three winter irrigation quotas (280, 340 and 400m3/ mu, denoted as W1, W2 and W3) and cotton stalk charcoal (0%, 1%, 2% and 4%, denoted as C0, C1, C2 and C4) on clay wetting front, cumulative infiltration amount, infiltration rate and water distribution were analyzed.【Result】The addition of cotton stalk carbon promotes the movement of wetting front, and the duration of carbon soil layer shows a single peak trend. The greater the addition amount, the shorter the time it takes for wetting front to reach the bottom of soil column. Compared with C0, the initial infiltration rate, the average infiltration rate, the steady infiltration rate and the steady infiltration rate of all treatments increased by 6.5%, 22.8% and 32.0%, 6.9%, 16.8% and 21.4%, 11.4%, 38.6% and 40.9% respectively. When the infiltration process reaches the bottom of the carbon soil layer (20cm), the cumulative infiltration of each treatment increases by 5.0%, 6.0% and 9.8% compared with C0, and increases by 1.2%, 4.5% and 6.3% at the bottom of the soil column. The cumulative infiltration increases with the addition of cotton stalk carbon. Under the treatments of W1, W2 and W3, the soil water-holding capacity accounts for 63.6%, 53.3% and 46.6% of the irrigation quota, and the water-holding capacity of the carbon soil layer is positively correlated with the amount of cotton stalk carbon added, with leakage accounting for 27.3%, 38.2% and 45.6% of the irrigation quota and evaporation accounting for about 8.5%.【Conclusion】The addition of cotton stalk carbon promotes the infiltration of clay water and increases the infiltration capacity of soil. The water-holding capacity of carbon soil layer is positively correlated with the addition of cotton stalk carbon, and the leakage is greatly affected by irrigation quota. This study enriches the application prospect of cotton stalk carbon, and provides theoretical basis and scientific support for clay improvement, improvement of irrigation utilization rate and irrigation management in winter. |
| Key words: Cotton charcoal; wetting front; soil moisture; winter irrigation; infiltration |
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