| 引用本文: | 于滨杭,王丽学,姬建梅,等.基于产量和水氮利用效率的玉米/大豆间作系统炭氮配施方案优选[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| yubinhang,wanglixue,jijianmei,et al.基于产量和水氮利用效率的玉米/大豆间作系统炭氮配施方案优选[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】实现间作系统低耗高效增产，获得适宜的炭氮配施方案。【方法】以间作玉米、大豆为试材进行田间小区试验，设置3个施炭水平：C0（0 t?hm-2）、C1（15 t?hm-2）、C2（30 t?hm-2）和3个施氮水平：N1（135 kg/hm2）、N2，（180 kg/hm2）、N3，（225 kg/hm2），并设置对照处理CK（不施炭也不施和氮），研究不同炭氮水平对玉米/大豆间作系统产量和水氮利用效率的影响，选用博弈论赋权的TOPSIS法进行综合评定，确定基于产量和水氮利用效率的最优配施方案。【结果】炭、氮及其交互作用对各指标均有显著影响玉米和大豆的产量及水氮利用效率均有影响。其中，施炭对玉米产量和水氮利用效率影响最大，施氮对大豆产量影响最大；C1N2处理的玉米产量和水分利用效率最高，，C1N1的大豆产量、氮肥利用率、氮肥偏生产力和氮肥农学效率最高。通过解析炭氮调控模型得出，施炭和施氮协同影响综合评定值，随着施炭量和施氮量的增加，综合评定值先增加后降低，适宜生物炭减施氮肥对玉米/大豆间作系统产量及水氮利用效率具有正向耦合作用。【结论】推荐水肥相对充足的东北地区采用施炭量17.1~24 t?hm-2、施氮量154.8~173.7 kg/hm2的配施方案。研究可为玉米/大豆间作系统“减氮增效”提供科学依据。 |
| 关键词: 玉米/大豆间作；生物炭；减量施氮；产量；水氮利用效率 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S513；S565.1 |
| 基金项目:辽宁省自然基金(2019-ZD-0705) |
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| Optimization of combined application scheme of biochar fertilizer in maize / soybean intercropping system based on yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency |
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yubinhang, wanglixue, jijianmei, lisheng, huangqi, changminru
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Shenyang Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| In order to achieve low consumption and high yield in the intercropping system and obtain the appropriate combined application scheme of biochar and nitrogen, the field plot experiment was carried out with Intercropping Corn and soybean as test materials. Three biochar application levels: C0 (0 t?hm-2), C1 (15 t?hm-2), C2 (30 t?hm-2) and three nitrogen application levels: N1 (135 kg?hm-2), N2 (180 kg?hm-2), N3 (225 kg?hm-2), and the control treatment CK (no biochar or nitrogen application) was set, The effects of different carbon and nitrogen levels on the yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of maize / soybean intercropping system were studied. TOPSIS method weighted by game theory was used for comprehensive evaluation, and the optimal application scheme based on yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency was determined. The results show that carbon, nitrogen and their interaction have significant effects on each index. Among them, carbon application has the greatest influence on corn yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen application has the greatest influence on soybean yield. The yield and water use efficiency of maize treated with C1N2 were the highest, and the yield of soybean, nitrogen use efficiency, nitrogen partial productivity and nitrogen agronomy efficiency of C1N1 were the highest. By analyzing the carbon-nitrogen regulation model, it was found that the comprehensive evaluation value of the synergistic effect of carbon and nitrogen application increased at first and then decreased with the increase of carbon and nitrogen application rates, and the suitable biochar reduction of nitrogen application had a positive coupling effect on the yield and water and nitrogen utilization efficiency of corn/soybean intercropping system. Therefore, it is recommended that the northeast region with relatively sufficient water and fertilizer should adopt the combined application scheme of carbon application amount of 17.1 ~ 24 t?hm-2 and nitrogen application amount of 154.8 ~ 173.7 kg?hm-2. The research can provide scientific basis for "reducing nitrogen and increasing efficiency" of corn/soybean intercropping system. |
| Key words: maize/soybean intercropping; biochar; reducing nitrogen application; yield; nitrogen use efficiency |
