| 引用本文: | 于嘉文,宋明丹,康倍铭,等.不同生物炭施用水平对砂质土壤氮素淋溶和持水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Yu Jiawen,Song Mingdan,Kang Beiming,et al.不同生物炭施用水平对砂质土壤氮素淋溶和持水特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 目的】为了研究不同生物炭用量对青海省砂质土壤氮素淋失和水分保持的影响，【方法】通过室内土柱模拟淋洗试验，设置B0（0 kg/m2）、B2（2 kg/m2）、B4（4 kg/m2）、B6（6 kg/m2）四个生物炭施用水平。【结果】（1）生物炭添加能够有效减少土壤水分渗漏，B4处理的水分累积渗漏量最小，与B0相比减少了14.1%。（2）相比B0处理，B4处理显著降低土壤的NO3--N和NH4+-N淋失，分别降低了20.7%和59.9%：土壤氮素主要以NO3--N的形式淋失，淋失量占矿质氮累积渗漏总量的84.9 %~93.4 %。（3）添加生物炭可显著增加氮素在土壤中的贮存，土壤NO3--N含量在B4处理达到最大，为3.45 mg/kg，；土壤NH4+-N含量在B6处理达到最大，为3.83 mg/kg（4）在各离心吸力下，体积含水率随生物炭施用量的增加而增加，在B6处理达到最大；土壤田间持水量、凋萎系数和有效水含量均随生物炭用量的增加而增加，生物炭用量从0 kg/m2增加到6 kg/m2时，各水分常数分别增加了71%、131%和25%。【结论】4 kg/m2生物炭能有效提高砂质土壤的水分、养分在土壤中的存留，在青海省土壤改良方面有较大的应用前景。 |
| 关键词: 生物炭；氮素淋失；水分特征曲线；水分常数 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S152.7 |
| 基金项目:青海省科技厅县域创新试点县建设专项（2020-0407-NCC-0001），青海省农林科学院基本科研业务费专项（2017-NKY-05），青海大学青年科研基金项目（2020-QGY-13） |
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| Effects of biochar application on nutrient and water retention in sandy soil |
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Yu Jiawen1, Song Mingdan1, Kang Beiming2, LiZhengpeng1
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1.Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Qinghai University;2.School of Water Resources and Electric Power，Qinghai University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The objective is to study the effects of different application rate of biochar on nitrogen leaching and water retention in sandy soil of Qinghai Province. 【Method】The experiment conducted by simulated leaching of soil column, it compared four biochar application levels, B0 (0 kg/m2), B2 (2 kg/m2), B4 (4 kg/m2) and B6 (6 kg/m2). 【Result】 (1) Biochar addition could effectively reduce soil water leakage, and the cumulative water leakage of B4 treatment was the smallest, which was reduced by 14.1% compared with B0. (2) Compared with B0 treatment, B4 treatment significantly reduced soil leaching losses in NO3--N and NH4+-N by 20.7% and 59.9%, respectively. Soil nitrogen leaching loss was primarily in the form of NO3--N, and leaching loss accounted for 84.9 %~93.4 % of the total cumulative mineral nitrogen leakage. (3) The addition of biochar significantly increased the storage of nitrogen in soil, and the maximum NO3--N concentration in B4 treatment was 3.45 mg·kg-1. Soil NH4+-N content reached maximum in B6 treatment at 3.83 mg·kg-1. (4) At each centrifugal suction, water content increased with the increase of biochar application rate and reached the maximum in B6 treatment. The field water capacity, wilting coefficient and available water content increased with the increase of biochar dosage. When the biochar application rate increased from 0 kg/m2 to 6 kg/m2, water constants increased by 71%, 131% and 25%, respectively. 【Conclusion】Biochar application rate of 4 kg/m2 can effectively improve water and nutrients retention in sandy soil, which has great application potential in soil enhancement in Qinghai Province. |
| Key words: Biochar; Leaching loss of nitrogen; Moisture characteristic curve; Water constant |
