| 引用本文: | 任频频,李保国,黄 峰.权衡生产和耗水的区域小麦种植格局优化[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Ren Pinpin,LI Baoguo,HUANG Feng.权衡生产和耗水的区域小麦种植格局优化[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】优化种植广泛、灌溉密集的小麦种植面积，对节省灌溉、缓解华北地区的水资源短缺压力具有巨大潜力。【方法】引入小麦蒸散耗水和产量等指标，建立华北区域尺度上的县域小麦种植面积目标规划模型，探讨生产和耗水权衡视角下的区域小麦生产布局优化方案。【结果】2001—2009年，华北地区小麦生育期ET（Evapotranspiration）呈上升趋势，2010—2018年呈显著下降趋势（p<0.05）。不同水文年型的小麦ET差异显著，总体表现出“枯水年最高、平水年次之、丰水年最低”的特征。省级水平上，当总产权重为1时，现有灌溉水平下的小麦总产可提高1.2%~2.3%，当ET权重为1时，小麦蒸散耗水可减少0.4%~0.8%；市级水平上的相应结果分别为0.7%~1.6%和0.3%~0.5%。此外，同一灌溉水平下，在总产权重降低、ET权重增加的过程中，能保持较高小麦种植规模的区域呈现规律性转移（在河北是由南向北转移），体现了不同县域在小麦生产或耗水管理方面的优势。【结论】无论是当前灌溉水平还是在一定的灌溉约束下，通过优化华北地区的县域小麦种植规模，都可以获取更多的产量或实现更少的蒸散耗水，本研究可为该地区区域小麦种植格局优化和水资源管理提供一定的参考。 |
| 关键词: 小麦种植,区域优化,生产耗水平衡,灌溉约束 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S-3 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0300801) |
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| Optimization of regional wheat planting pattern with trade-off between production and water consumption |
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Ren Pinpin, LI Baoguo, HUANG Feng
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College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Wheat is planted widely and irrigated intensively in the north China region, and optimizing the planting area of wheat has great potential to save irrigation and alleviate the pressure of water shortage in this area.【Method】By introducing the indicators of evapotranspiration and yield of wheat, the objective planning model of wheat planting area at county level was established at the regional scale in the north China region, and the optimization scheme of regional wheat production layout was discussed from the perspective of the trade-off between production and water consumption.【Result】Spatiotemporal characteristics of evapotranspiration during wheat season was first analyzed. From 2001 to 2009, evapotranspiration during wheat season in the north China region showed an increasing trend, and then a significant decreasing trend from 2010 to 2018 (p<0.05). Furthermore, evapotranspiration during wheat season showed significant differences among different hydrological years (p<0.05), which showed the characteristics of “the highest in dry year, the second in normal year, and the lowest in wet year”. The results of the objective optimization model showed that: at the provincial level, when the weight of production was 1, the wheat yield can be increased by 1.2%~2.3% under the existing irrigation level, and the evapotranspiration of wheat can be reduced by 0.4%~0.8% when the weight of evapotranspiration was 1. And the corresponding results at the municipal level were 0.7%~1.6% and 0.3%~0.5%, respectively. In addition, under the same irrigation level, in the process of decreasing the weight of production and increasing the weight of evapotranspiration, the regions that could maintain a high wheat planting scale shifted regularly (from south to north in Hebei), reflecting the advantages of different counties in wheat production or water consumption management.【Conclusion】No matter at the current irrigation level or under certain irrigation constraints, more yield or less evapotranspiration can be achieved by optimizing the county-scale wheat planting area in the north China region. This study can provide a certain reference for the optimization of regional wheat planting pattern and water resources management in this region. |
| Key words: wheat planting, regional optimization, trade-off between production and water consumption, irrigation constraint |
