不同时期施肥对稻田田面水无机氮和N<sub>2</sub>O通量的影响

吴庆峰; 郑佳舜; 肖未; 李伏生

引用本文:	吴庆峰,郑佳舜,肖未,等.不同时期施肥对稻田田面水无机氮和N₂O通量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.
	WU Qingfeng,ZHENG Jiashun,XIAO Wei,et al.不同时期施肥对稻田田面水无机氮和N₂O通量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-.

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不同时期施肥对稻田田面水无机氮和N₂O通量的影响
吴庆峰, 郑佳舜, 肖未, 李伏生
广西大学农学院

摘要:

【目的】探索不同耕作施氮处理下不同时期施肥对稻田田面水中的无机氮和氧化亚氮（N2O）通量的影响以及稻田田面水中无机氮对N2O通量的影响。【方法】通过开展4种耕作模式（免耕T、微耕C、旋耕R和粉垄S）以及2种施氮量（常规施氮N1 225 kg/hm2和减量施氮N2 150 kg/hm2）的双季水稻田间试验，测定不同时期施肥后1 d、3 d和5 d田面水中无机氮含量以及稻田N2O通量，分析不同时期施肥后1 d、3 d和5 d稻田田面水中无机氮含量与N2O通量之间的相关关系。【结果】（1）不同时期施肥后田面水中的铵态氮（NH4+-N）含量较高。施肥后1 d田面水中的NH4+-N快速上升到峰值后迅速下降。在施基肥、分蘖肥、穗肥后，所有处理田面水中的亚硝态氮（NO2--N）含量不高于0.12 μg/ml。（2）在施基肥、分蘖肥、穗肥后，TN2处理稻田N2O通量较其他处理低。（3）稻田N2O通量与施肥后1~5 d田面水中NH4+-N含量呈显著负相关，相关系数为-0.300~-0.509。【结论】（1）不同时期施肥后铵态氮是田面水中无机氮的主要形态，施肥后田面水中的铵态氮达到峰值后迅速下降。（2）在施基肥、分蘖肥、穗肥后，TN2处理是一种N2O减排的耕作施氮模式。（3）施肥后1~5 d田面水中的NH4+-N影响稻田N2O通量。

关键词: 耕作方式;施氮量;无机氮;N₂O排放;稻田

DOI：

分类号:S1

基金项目:国家自然科学基金(42167035)

Effects of Fertilization at Different Stages on Inorganic Nitrogen and N2O Fluxes in Surface Water of Paddy Fields

WU Qingfeng, ZHENG Jiashun, XIAO Wei, LI Fusheng

College of Agriculture,Guangxi University

Abstract:

【Objective】The objective of this study was investigate the effect of fertilization at different growth stages on the contents of inorganic nitrogen (N) and the fluxes of nitrous oxide (N2O) in paddy water and the effect of inorganic N in paddy water on N2O fluxes under different tillage and N fertilization treatments. 【Methods】Field experiments of double-cropping rice were carried out with four tillage methods (no tillage T, micro tillage C, rotary tillage R and smash ridging tillage S) and two N rates (conventional N rate N1 225 kg/hm2 and reduced N rate N2 150 kg/hm2). The contents of inorganic nitrogen in surface water and N2O flux in paddy field were measured at 1, 3 and 5 days after fertilization during different growth stages and the correlations between inorganic nitrogen content in surface water and N2O flux at 1, 3 and 5 days after fertilization during different growth stages were analyzed. 【Results】(1) Ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) after fertilization at different growth stages was higher in surface water. After fertilization, NH4+-N in surface water increased to the peak value and then decreased rapidly. After applying basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and earring fertilizer, he contents of nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) in surface water of all treatments were low, not higher than 0.12 μg/ml. (2) After applying basal fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and earring fertilizer, the N2O flux of TN2 treatment was lower than that of other treatments. (3) The N2O fluxes in paddy field were significantly negatively correlated with the ammonium nitrogen content in surface water at 1-5 days after fertilization, with the correlation coefficients of -0.300 - -0.509. 【Conclusion】(1) NH4+-N was the main form of inorganic nitrogen in surface water after fertilization at different growth stages. After fertilization, the NH4+-N in surface water decreased rapidly after reaching the peak value. (2) After applying base fertilizer, tillering fertilizer and earring fertilizer, TN2 treatment was a mode of tillage method and nitrogen application that can reduce N2O emission. (3) Ammonium nitrogen in surface water at 1-5 days after fertilization affected N2O flux in paddy field.

Key words: Tillage method; Nitrogen rate; Inorganic nitrogen; N2O emission; Paddy soil