| 引用本文: | 吴庆峰,郑佳舜,肖未,等.不同耕作施氮处理对稻田N2O通量和田面水中无机氮的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| WU Qingfeng,ZHENG Jiashun,XIAO Wei,et al.不同耕作施氮处理对稻田N2O通量和田面水中无机氮的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| 摘要: |
| 摘 要：【目的】探索不同耕作施氮处理下不同时期施用氮肥对稻田氧化亚氮（N2O）通量和田面水中无机氮质量浓度的影响。【方法】通过开展4种耕作方式（免耕T、微耕C、旋耕R和粉垄S）以及2种施氮量（常规施氮N1 225 kg/hm2和减量施氮N2 150 kg/hm2）的双季水稻田间试验，测定不同时期施用氮肥后1、3、5 d稻田N2O通量以及田面水中无机氮质量浓度，分析不同时期施用氮肥后1、3、5 d稻田N2O通量与田面水中无机氮质量浓度之间的关系。【结果】（1）不同时期施用氮肥后田面水中的铵态氮（NH4+-N）质量浓度较高，施用氮肥后1 d田面水中的NH4+-N快速上升到峰值后迅速下降。分蘖期和孕穗期施用氮肥后，TN1（免耕常规施氮）处理田面水中的NH4+-N较其他处理提高4.7%~532.6%。氮肥作基肥以及在分蘖期和孕穗期施用后，所有处理田面水中的硝态氮（NO3--N）和亚硝态氮（NO2--N）质量浓度较低，NO3--N质量浓度在0.08~0.20 μg/mL，NO2--N质量浓度低于0.12 μg/mL。（2）氮肥作基肥以及在分蘖期和孕穗期施用后，TN2（免耕减量施氮）处理稻田N2O通量较其他处理低。（3）稻田N2O通量与不同时期施用氮肥后1~5 d田面水中NH4+-N质量浓度显著负相关，相关系数为-0.509~-0.300。【结论】不同时期施用氮肥后NH4+-N是田面水中无机氮的主要形态，TN1处理田面水中的NH4+-N质量浓度较高，且TN2处理稻田N2O通量较低。此外，不同时期施用氮肥后1~5 d田面水中的NH4+-N质量浓度显著影响稻田N2O通量。 |
| 关键词: 关键词：耕作方式；施氮量；无机氮；N2O排放；稻田 |
| DOI： |
| 分类号:S1 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（42167035） |
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| Effects of Different Tillage and Nitrogen Application Treatments on N2O Fluxes in Paddy Field and Inorganic Nitrogen in Field Surface Water |
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WU Qingfeng, ZHENG Jiashun, XIAO Wei, LI Fusheng
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College of Agriculture, Guangxi University
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: 【Objective】The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization at different periods on the nitrous oxide (N2O) flux in paddy field and inorganic N mass concentration in the field surface water under different tillage and nitrogen application treatments and how inorganic N mass concentration in the field surface water affected N2O flux in paddy field. 【Methods】Field experiments of double-cropping rice were carried out with four tillage methods (no tillage T, micro tillage C, rotary tillage R and smash ridging tillage S) and two N rates (conventional N rate N1 225 kg/hm2 and reduced N rate N2 150 kg/hm2). N2O flux in paddy field and the mass concentrations of inorganic N in field surface water were measured at 1, 3 and 5 days after N fertilization during different periods, and then the correlations between N2O fluxes in paddy field and the mass concentrations of inorganic N in the field surface water at 1, 3 and 5 days after N fertilization in the different periods were analyzed. 【Results】 (1) The mass concentration of ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N) in the field surface water was higher after N fertilizer application in the different periods, and the concentration of NH4+-N in the field surface water rose rapidly to the peak value and then decreased rapidly at one day after N fertilizer. After applying N fertilizer as basal fertilizer and at the tillering and booting stages, TN1 treatment (no tillage and conventional N rate) increased the mass concentration of NH4+-N in the field surface water by 4.7%~532.6% compared to other treatments. After applying N fertilizer as basal fertilizer and at the tillering and booting stages, the mass concentrations of nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) and nitrite nitrogen (NO2--N) in the field surface water of all treatments were low, with the mass concentrations of NO3--N and NO2--N of 0.08~0.20 μg/mL and less than 0.12 μg/mL, respectively. (2) After applying N fertilizer as basal fertilizer and at the tillering and booting stages, TN2 treatment (no tillage and reduced N rate) had lower N2O flux from paddy field than other treatments. (3) The N2O fluxes in paddy field were significantly negatively correlated with the mass concentrations of NH4+-N in the field surface water at 1~5 days after N fertilization in the different periods, with the correlation coefficients of -0.300~-0.509. 【Conclusion】After N fertilizer application in the different periods, NH4+-N was the main form of inorganic N in the field surface water, TN1 treatment had higher mass concentration of NH4+-N, and TN2 treatment had lower N2O flux from paddy field. The mass concentration of NH4+-N in the field surface water at 1~5 days after N fertilizer application in the different periods affected N2O flux in paddy field. |
| Key words: Key words: Tillage method; Nitrogen rate; Inorganic nitrogen; N2O emission; Paddy soil |
