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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.12.001 |
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| The Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Application on Grain Yield and Quality of Rice |
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NING Huifeng, CUI Jiaxin, LIU Hao, SUN Jingsheng
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Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Key Laboratory of Crop Water use and Regulation, Ministry of Agriculture, Xinxiang 453002, China
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| Abstract: |
| Taking two japonica rice varieties, Xindao22 and Xindao10, cultivated in the Yellow River as the model plants, this paper investigated the impact of irrigation and nitrogen application on their yield and grain quality. We examined two irrigation methods-conventional irrigation (W) and controlled irrigation (D) and four nitrogen levels, 0 kg/hm2 (CK) 90 kg/hm2 (LN), 180 kg/hm2 (MN), and 270 kg/hm2 (HN). The results showed that the yield increased with nitrogen application and the yield under MN treatment maximized in 2015. In comparison with the CK, the yield of Xindao22 and Xindao10 (mean of all N treatments) decreased by 10.5% and 12.6% in 2015, and 2.1% and 0.8% in 2016, respectively, while there was no significant difference among the two irrigation methods. Irrigation and nitrogen application did not have noticeable impact on rice processing quality and appearance quality. The starch content in the grains increased first and then decreased as nitrogen application increased; the concentration of crude protein was positively correlated with the nitrogen application, and was higher under control irrigation than under conventional irrigation; The content of starch and its components showed inconsistency between the two varieties and there was no significant difference between the two irrigation treatments. The activity of key enzymes GOT and GPT involved in nitrogen metabolism was positively correlated with nitrogen application, and the activity of SS, SSS, ADPGase and Q enzymes involved in carbon metabolism decreased under HN treatment and the difference was significant among the treatments. The Q enzymes and GOT activity increased significantly under control irrigation compared with conventional irrigation. Higher yield was achieved with 180 kg/hm2 pure N application under control irrigation and processing quality improved, while the appearance quality varied with the two varieties. |
| Key words: rice; irrigation method; yield; quality; carbon and nitrogen metabolism |
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