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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0683 |
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| Water Requirement and Irrigation Schedule of Maize Based on the CROPWAT Model |
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ZHANG Yunquan, LIU Jilong, NIE Tangzhe
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Center for Agricultural Water Research in China， China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resource Use, Ministry of Agriculture, Harbin 150030, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The primary objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of climate change on water requirement of maize under sprinkle and mulched drip irrigations as well as their associated irrigation schedules under different annual rainfalls in Western Heilongjiang Province. 【Method】 Using available data from 1988-2015, the CROPWAT model and the Mann-Kendall trend test method, we first estimated the temporal change in meteorological factors, water consumption of the maize, effective rainfall, water requirement for irrigation, as well as their relationships in Zhaozhou County of Western Heilongjiang Province. We then analyzed the relationship between the effective rainfall and water requirement of the maize, and calculated the associated irrigation schedule for both sprinkler irrigation and mulched drip irrigation under different annual rainfalls. 【Result】 ① During growing season of the maize, the monthly-average maximum and minimum temperatures both increased steadily while the wind speed decreased. ②The water requirement of the maize was in the range of 374.7~537.0 mm, positively related to the highest temperature and increasing at 0.872 mm per autumn. ③In extremely dry year, slight dry year, moderate dry year and wet year, the demands of maize for water was 500.3, 470.8, 442.8 and 395.4 mm, respectively. ④The correlation coefficients between water requirement of the maize and the effective rainfall varied, increasing first and then decreasing. ⑤The amount of sprinkler irrigation in extremely dry year, dry year and moderate dry year was 187.4 mm, 125.4 mm and 49.2 mm, respectively. ⑥The amounts of mulched drip irrigation in extremely dry, dry and moderate dry year was 163 mm, 95.6 mm and 35.8 mm, respectively.【Conclusion】 Under climate change, the effective rainfall decreases while the water requirement of maize increases. The effective rainfall is hence unable to meet the demand of the maize for water except in wet years. Appropriate irrigations at tassel and filling stages is essential to sustain maize production. |
| Key words: maize; water requirement; irrigation schedule; sprinkling irrigation; mulched drip irrigation |
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