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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180040 |
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| Effects of Different Fertilizations on Spatiotemporal Nitrate Distribution in Soil and Yield of Greenhouse Tomato |
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WANG Jiqing, LI Zhantai, LIU Sheping
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College of Agriculture and Forestry/Soil and Environment Bioremediation Research Center, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Reducing fertilizer application has been mandated in agricultural production in China and the objective of this paper is to explore optimal fertilization for greenhouse tomato by increasing the fruit yield while in the meantime reducing nitrate leaching.【Method】 Plot experiments were conducted in a greenhouse to investigate the growth of tomato and the spatiotemporal distribution of nitrate in soil. We considered five fertilizer applications: traditional fertilization used by farmer (T1), optimal fertilization (T2), 70% of N used in the optimal fertilization (T3), 70% of N used in the optimal fertilization plus application of the Difulai biological fertilizer (T4), no N. 【Result】 Compared to T1 (N 320 kg/hm2, P2O5 200 kg/hm2, K2O 320 kg/hm2), T4 (N 168 kg/hm2, P2O5 120 kg/hm2, K2O 240 kg/hm2, Difulai biological fertilizer 6 L/hm2) increased the plant height and the stem diameter, leading to an increase in yield by 12.7%. In T1, the concentration of NO-3 in soil peaked in 60~80 cm when the tomato was at the first ear fruit expansion stage and in the depth of 80~100 cm after harvest. The nitrate content associated with the two stages was 61.4 mg/kg and 46.5 mg/kg respectively, considerably higher than that in other treatments. Compared with T1, T4 reduced the nitrate in 0~100 cm by 47.9 kg/hm2 and 70.1 kg/hm2 at early blooming and the first ear fruit expansion respectively, and reduced 35.6% of nitrate in 60~100 cm soil after harvest. 【Conclusion】 Using 70% of N used in the optimal fertilization (N 168 kg/hm2, P2O5 120 kg/hm2, K2O 240 kg/hm2) plus Difulai biological fertilizer (6 L/hm2) is the most effective for achieving high yield and reducing nitrate leaching in greenhouse tomato production. |
| Key words: greenhouse; tomato; yield; nitrate nitrogen; leaching |
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