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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019024 |
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| Effects of Different Fertilization Models on Paddy Water Environment and Yield in Machine-transplanted Rice under Irrigation Adjusted by Rainfall |
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YAN Jun , WU Qixia, ZHU Jianqiang, ZHANG Luping
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1.College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; 2. Xinyang Experimental Station of Agriculture, Yancheng 224049, China; 3. Jingzhou Agricultural Meteorological Trial Station, Jingzhou 434025, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Machine-transplanted rice has the characteristics of young seedling age, long seedling stage and heavy plant injury, etc.. Exploring the effects of different fertilization modes on paddy water environment of machine-transplanted rice and rice growth under rainfall adaption irrigation in Jianghan Plain can provide theoretical and data support for the improvement of water and fertilizer management measures of local machine-transplanted rice.【Method】The field plot experiments were carried out to study the effects of farmers' fertilization practice (FFP), 70% controlled release compound fertilizer+30% urea(70%CRF+30%N), Organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer(OIF) on rainfall utilization rate, dynamic changes of nitrogen and phosphorus concentration in surface water, runoff loss, dry matter accumulation and rice yield under rainfall adaption irrigation.【Result】Rainfall utilization efficiency at the re-greening stage, tillering stage, jointing booting stage and filling maturity stage were 17.5%, 100%, 100% and 84.2%, respectively, under rainfall adaption irrigation. After application of base fertilizer and tillering fertilizer, the concentrations of TN, NH+4-N and TP increased rapidly in surface water of FFP, 70% CRF+30% N and OIF treatments, reaching the peak value on the first day. The average concentrations of TN, NH+4-N and TP in surface water with 70% CRF+30% N decreased by 40.4%, 47.4% and 0.5%, respectively, in 30 days after rice transplantation compared with FFP treatment. About 90% of nitrogen and phosphorus runoff loss in paddy field was in the re-greening stage, and about 10% was between grouting to ripe period, and the runoff loss of TN, NH+4-N and TP were 31.4%, 30.9% and 1.9% lower in 70% CRF+30% N than that in FFP; The dry matter accumulation of 70% CRF+30% N treatment was significantly lower than that in FFP and OIF treatmentat the re-greening stage. The proportion of dry matter accumulation in total accumulation was shown as FFP>OIF>70% CRF+30% N in thetransplant to re-greening stage. The dry matter accumulation of OIF treatment at the mature stage was significantly higher than that in 70% CRF+30% N and FFP treatment, and the actual yield was as bellow: OIF>70% CRF+30% N>FFP.【Conclusion】Under the condition of rainfall adaption irrigation, 70% CRF+30% N was helpful to decrease nitrogen runoff loss in paddy, and OIF was contributive to increase dry matter accumulation and yield of machine-transplanted rice. |
| Key words: machine-transplanted rice; rainfall adaption irrigation; fertilization mode; nitrogen and phosphorus loss; dry matter accumulation; yield |
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