| Cite this article: | 乔 月,朱建强,吴启侠,等.氮肥管理对稻田径流氮流失与氨挥发的影响 [J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| QIAO Yue,ZHU Jiangqiang,WU Qixia,et al.氮肥管理对稻田径流氮流失与氨挥发的影响 [J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on Nitrogen Loss and Ammonia Volatilization from Rice Field Runoff |
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QIAO Yue, ZHU Jiangqiang, WU Qixia, XIE Chunjiao, LI Minghui, HUANG Siqing
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Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Yangtze University
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| Abstract: |
| ：【Objectives】In order to compare the difference of nitrogen loss from rice fields under different planting methods, an experiment of nitrogen fertilizer management was made in paddy field.【Methods】Usingsplit-zonetest design, four nitrogen management treatments were set up that are: no fertilization(CK), conventional fertilization (FFP), slow and controlled release fertilizer (CRF) and seaweed polysaccharide nitrogen fertilizer (HTN), so as to observe the nitrogen loss of runoff water and ammonia volatilization from paddy fields in different planting methods (machine transplanted rice and direct seeded rice) under the four nitrogen fertilizer managements.【Results】nitrogen runoff from direct seeding rice fields is mainly caused by drainage before sowing, nitrogen loss from runoff is mainly ammonium nitrogen (NH4+-N), accounting for 52% of total nitrogen loss from runoff, the order of total nitrogen loss from runoff in different nitrogen management is FFP > HTN > CRF; the ammonia volatilization loss, loss rate and ammonia volatilization intensity of machine-transplanted rice and direct-seeded rice were FFP > HTN > CRF during the whole growth period; compared with FFP, the ammonia volatilization loss rate of CRF and HTN processors during the whole growth period decreased by 12.5% and 4.3%, ammonia volatilization intensity decreased by 43.1% and 17.8% ,ammonia volatilization loss rate of direct seeding rice decreased by 23.2% and 12.2%, ammonia volatilization intensity decreased by 53.3% and 26.8%, In addition, the ammonia volatilization loss, loss rate and ammonia volatilization intensity of direct seeding rice are higher than those of mechanical transplanting rice, mainly because the ammonia volatilization loss rate in direct-seeding rice field is higher than that of mechanical transplanting rice field after adding the base fertilizer and tillering fertilizer;under different nitrogen fertilizer management, ammonia volatilization flux of machine-transplanted rice is linearly positively correlated with NH4+-N concentration in field surface water, while ammonia volatilization flux of direct-seeded rice is positively correlated with NH4+-N concentration in field surface water in quadratic curve,the determination coefficient (R2) of CRF treatment was the highest (R2 is 0.908 for direct seeding rice, 0.843 for mechanical transplanting rice).【Conclusions】The risk of nitrogen runoff loss in direct seeding rice fields is greater than that in machine-transplanted rice fields, nitrogen management significantly affected ammonia volatilization; applying CRF is helpful to reduce nitrogen runoff loss, ammonia volatilization loss and increase rice yield, it is suggested that CRF be applied in rice planting in Jianghan Plain, and the basal application ratio of nitrogen fertilizer for direct seeding rice be reduced to about 40%. |
| Key words: nitrogen management; runoff; surface water; ammonia volatilization; machine-transplanted rice; direct-seeding rice |
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