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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2019255 |
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| Analysis of Climate and Runoff Variation Characteristics in the Genhe River Basin from 1980―2017 |
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YUE Yongjie, WU Yunzhula, LI Xu, WANG Yaqian, YI Lixi
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Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010010, China
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| Abstract: |
| Climate change has a major impact on human life and economy, such as melting glaciers, changing vegetation, ocean acidification, and forest line backwardness. Water resource is the basic natural resource of a country, which can maintain the ecological balance and is an important factor to measure the comprehensive national strength. River runoff is an important part of hydrological cycle and water resources system. Under the background of global warming, the change of gas phase factor and runoff in the root river basin is studied to reveal the change law of climate and runoff in the basin and its interaction mechanism, which can provide a basis for the study of permafrost change, vegetation change and evapotranspiration in the basin. Located in the cold temperate zone of China, Genhe River basin has a special climate and natural environment, with a large area of frozen soil, which is very sensitive to climate change.【Objective】The relationship between climate and hydrology is discussed by analyzing the change of meteorological elements and runoff in the Genhe River basin, which will provide a theoretical basis for the scientific management of water resources in the basin.【Method】In this paper, the Erguna River basin was taken as the research object, and m-k test and Hurst index were used to analyze the change trend and interaction relationship between meteorological factors and runoff in the Erguna River basin from 1980―2017.【Result】①The average annual temperature in the Genhe River basin increased by 1.10 ℃ between 1980 and 2017, and tended to rise at the level of alpha α=0.01, with a strong persistence (H=0.75). In the growing season, the temperature variation was the strongest (Z=4.63). ②The precipitation in the growing season of the Genhe River basin accounts for 85% of the annual precipitation, and tends to decline, with a decreasing range of 1.68 mm/a. ③ The air relative humidity in the initial freezing period and the complete freezing period in the Genhe River basin decreased significantly at the levels of alpha α=0.001 and 0.01, and the trend of decrease was very persistent (H=1.0), with a range of 0.05 %/a. ④The runoff in the Genhe River basin tended to decrease, and the abrupt change occurred in 1997 and 1999, which was basically consistent with the abrupt change of annual precipitation, and the variation trend of rainfall and runoff was consistent. According to the correlation analysis, the correlation coefficient between rainfall and runoff was 0.91. ⑤The correlation coefficient between the runoff in the Genhe River basin and the average annual temperature was 0.50. The runoff in the river basin was mainly affected by the increase of evapotranspiration of various factors in the basin, as well as the freezing and thawing time or area of soil and river.【Conclusion】The precipitation and runoff in the Genhe river basin did not change significantly from 1980―2017, while the temperature showed a violent rising trend. The overall climate in the basin tended to be drier and colder in summer and drier and hotter in winter. |
| Key words: root river basin; M-K inspection; climate change; trend analysis |
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