| Cite this article: | 王晓森,吕谋超,王森,等.种植密度和灌溉、施氮模式对冬小麦土壤水分状况、产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| wangxiaosen,lvmouchao,wangsen,et al.种植密度和灌溉、施氮模式对冬小麦土壤水分状况、产量和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| This article has been：Browse 2019Times Download 0Times |
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| Effects of Densities, Irrigation and Topdressing Nitrogen Modes on Soil Water Content, Yield and Quality of Winter Wheat |
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wangxiaosen1, lvmouchao1, wangsen1, caijiumao1, liying1, qinjingtao1, liujieyun1, FANXICHAO2
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1.FIRI;2.firi
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objectives】Objective of the experiment was to explore scientific planting mode of winter wheat under the back ground of saving water irrigation and decreasing fertilizer using.【Methods】the experiment of effects of densities, irrigation and topdressing nitrogen modes on different living stages of winter wheat on soil water content, yield and quality was carried out . There were 2 levels of densities ( D? and D? , with 5×106 plant/hm2 and 3×106 plant/hm2 basic seedlings), 3 levels of irrigation modes on different living stages (W? irrigating at turning green stage and grain filling stage, W? irrigating at turning green stage, jointing stage and grain filling stage and W? irrigating at turning green stage, jointing stage, heading stage and grain filling stage) and 2 levels of topdressing nitrogen modes on different living stages (N? topdressing all nitrogen at turning green stage and N? topdressing one half nitrogen at turning green stage and the other half at jointing stage respectively) in the experiment. 【Results】Results indicated that W? treatment could build suitable soil water content under different depths of soil profile within 1m benefiting both the growth of winter wheat and the soil water use efficiency. The more times winter wheat was irrigated on different living stages, the greater values of photosynthetic and transpiration rates were detected on flag leaves, but leaf water use efficiency decreased on the contrary. The photosynthetic rate in D? treatment was bigger than that in D? treatment, and N? treatment was bigger than N? treatment too in photosynthetic rate, despite N?, N? sharing the same nitrogen topdressing amount. Bigger planting density increased spike number extreme significantly（P＜0.01）but led to reductions in grain number per spike and kernel weight extreme significantly too. Irrigation modes affected grain number per spike, kernel weight, yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) significantly（P＜0.05）, and kernel weight increased with the increasing of irrigation times on different living stages but IWUE decreased on the contrary. The biggest grain number per spike and yield lied in W? treatment, and the second was W? treatment, and the smallest lied in W? treatment. Under the same topdressing nitrogen amount, the kernel weights and yields of N? treatment were bigger than those of N? treatment significantly. Furthermore, amounts of amino acid and protein in the grain of winter wheat decreased with the increasing of irrigation times on different living stages, and so did with the effects of topdressing nitrogen modes on the quality of the grain of winter wheat, but the influence of planting density on amino acid and protein was not obvious. Through regression analysis, one result was revealed that amount of amino acid and protein in grain of winter wheat would decrease linearly with the increasing of yield.【Conclusions】A scientific planting mode of winter wheat at this region was recommended that seeds should be planted under proper soil water content condition with density of 3×106 plant/hm2 basic seedlings, and irrigations be applied at turning green stage, jointing stage and grain filling stage in spring season with 75mm irrigation amount per stage, and basal application of fertilizers were 90 kg/hm2 each element (N, P2O5 and K2O), and topdressing nitrogen at turning green stage and jointing stage with 60 kg/hm2. |
| Key words: density; irrigation; topdressing nitrogen; winter wheat; yield; quality |
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