| Cite this article: | 温越,王振华.极端干旱区滴灌葡萄耗水特征及水肥制度寻优[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| Wenyue,Wangzhenhua.极端干旱区滴灌葡萄耗水特征及水肥制度寻优[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| Water consumption characteristics of drip irrigation grapes and optimization of water and fertilizer system in extremely arid regions |
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Wenyue, Wangzhenhua
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Shihezi University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Tuha region is one of the most important regions for grape production in China, and the application of water and fertilizer is the most important factor affecting the efficiency of grapes. Therefore, it is necessary to rationally explore the way of water and fertilizer application in extremely arid areas.【Objective】To explore the suitable water and fertilizer system of seedless white grape in extremely arid area, a field experiment was carried out to determine the effects of water and fertilizer proportion on the water consumption, yield and quality of drip irrigation grapes in extremely arid regions.【Method】The experiment set up four single growth periods of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI, θf=65%~90%) including shoot growth period (W1), flowering period (W2), berry growth period (W3), berry mature period (W4) and one full irrigation treatment (CK), three fertilization ratios including N, P2O5, K2O application amounts of 275.0, 275.0, 275.0 kg/hm2 (F1), 235.7, 235.7, 353.6 kg/hm2 (F2), and 330.0, 165.0, 330.0 kg/hm2 (F3), a total of 15 water and fertilizer treatments. 【Result】 Irrigation was the main factor affecting soil water content, and the fluctuation of soil water content was most obvious under regulated deficit irrigation during fruit expansion stage. While RDI was performed during the berry mature period, it had no significant effect on yield, but significantly increased the content of reducing sugar and soluble solids. The yield, reducing sugars and soluble solids of F2 fertilization treatment all achieved the maximum. The yield of CKF2 treatment reached the maximum value of 28 003 kg/hm2. There was no significant difference between the yield of W4F2 and the CKF2. But the content of reducing sugar and soluble solids reached the maximum in W4F2 treatment, which were 23.00% and 23.50%, respectively. The yield and the content of reducing sugar were the lowest in W3F3 treatment, which was 34.29% and 28.70% lower than CKF2 and W4F2. The berry growth period was the critical water requirement period for seedless white grapes. RDI greatly reduced the water consumption intensity and water consumption during the growth period of seedless white grapes. The water consumption intensity and water consumption increased gradually with the increasing of nitrogen fertilizer application. 【Conclusion】Therefore, the W4F2 treatment, that is, regulated deficit irrigation during the coloring and maturity period (W4) and N, P2O5, K2O application amount of 235.7, 235.7, 353.6 kg/hm2 (F2) can be used as seedless white grapes in extreme arid areas suitable water and fertilizer system in extremely arid regions. |
| Key words: drip irrigation grapes; yield and quality; characteristics of water consumption; water and fertilizer system |
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