| Cite this article: | 黄鑫,佟玲,康德奎,等.种植密度和水分胁迫对玉米灌浆特性与源库关系的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| HUANG Xin,TONG Ling,KANG Dekuii,et al.种植密度和水分胁迫对玉米灌浆特性与源库关系的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| DOI： |
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| Effects of Planting Density and Water Stress on Grain-filling Characteristics and Source-sink Relationship of Maize |
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HUANG Xin1, TONG Ling1, KANG Dekuii2, HE Yujiang3, WANG Wanzhen3, YANG Shengju4
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1.Center for Agricultural Water Research in China,China Agricultural University;2.Shiyang River Basin Water Resources Utilization Center, Gansu Provincial Water Resources Department;3.Shiyang River Basin Water Resources Utilization Center,Gansu Provincial Water Resources Department;4.Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The mechanism of maize yield formation under different planting density and water stress levels was discussed from the perspective of grain-filling characteristics and source-sink relationship, which provided theoretical basis for realizing water-saving and increasing agricultural production in northwest China.【Method】Field experiments were carried out at the National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture in Wuwei of Gansu Province. Two density levels (70,000 plants/hm2 and 90,000 plants/hm2) and three water stress levels (no water stress, mild water stress, and moderate water stress) were set up in the experiment. The effects of different planting densities and water stress levels on grain-filling characteristics, biomass accumulation, yield and yield components, and source-sink relationship of maize were analyzed.【Result】(1) Increasing planting density resulted in the decrease of 100-grain weight at upper, middle and lower grain positions, while applying water stress resulted in the decrease of 100-grain weight at middle and lower grain positions. The difference in grain weight between treatments was mainly from lower grains. Increasing planting density and applying water stress shortened the active grain-filling period of the upper, middle and lower grain positions. Increasing planting density reduced the average grain-filling rate of each grain position, while applying water stress reduced the average grain-filling rate of the middle and lower grain positions. (2) Applying water stress resulted in a decrease in biomass per plant and per unit, while increasing planting density resulted in a decrease in biomass per plant and an increase in biomass per unit. The yield per plant and per unit, ear length, ear diameter, grains per ear and 100-grain weight of maize decreased when water stress was applied. Increasing planting density significantly increased yield per unit, but decreased 100-grain weight, grains per ear and yield per plant. The yield per plant decreased due to the combined effect of 100-grain weight and grains per ear. (3) The influence factors of 100-grain weight at different grain locations were different. The 100-grain weight of upper grains was affected by average grain-filling rate and active grain-filling period, the 100-grain weight of middle grains was mainly affected by average grain-filling rate, and the 100-grain weight of lower grains was mainly affected by active grain-filling period. The grain-filling characteristic parameters in the middle grains had the best correlation with yield per plant and yield components, and it was reliable to select the middle grains for grain-filling characteristic analysis. The yield per plant was significantly affected by average grain-filling rate. (4) The yield under each treatment was limited by the sink strength, and further increase of density could be considered from the perspective of source-sink relationship. In addition, high planting density combined with mild water stress could maximize the conversion of crop biomass accumulation into economic yield as the best combination mode in this study.【Conclusion】Increasing planting density and applying water stress shortened the active grain-filling period of the upper, middle and lower grain positions, and decreased the average grain-filling rate of the middle and lower grain positions, which affected the 100-grain weight of each grain position. The average grain-filling rate mainly affected the yield per plant, and then the yield per unit. The yield under each treatment was limited by the sink strength. High planting density combined with mild water stress was the best model for this study, and further increase of density could be considered. |
| Key words: maize; planting density; water stress; grain-filling characteristics; source-sink relationship |
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