| Cite this article: | 李勇,李林,王峰,等.冬灌结合少量春灌条件下南疆棉田休闲期适宜冬灌定额研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-. |
| LI Yong,LI Lin,WANG Feng,et al.冬灌结合少量春灌条件下南疆棉田休闲期适宜冬灌定额研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2022,(12):-. |
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| Study on Suitable Quota of Winter Irrigation under Winter Irrigation Combined with a Small Amount of Spring Irrigation in Cotton Field of Southern Xinjiang during the Fallow Period |
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LI Yong1, LI Lin1, WANG Feng2, LIU Liang1, WANG Xingpeng1
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1.College of Water Conservancy and Architecture Engineering,Tarim University;2.Institute of Farmland Irrigation,CAAS/ Key Lab for Crop Water Requirement and Regulation of Ministry of Agriculture
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to explore the law of soil water and salt transport in the fallow period of cotton field in southern Xinjiang under the condition of winter irrigation combined with a small amount of spring irrigation, and determine the appropriate winter irrigation quota under the condition of winter irrigation combined with spring irrigation. 【Method】In this paper, by carrying out field experiment and monitoring the water and salt indicators of 0~100 cm soil layers in different periods, effects of different winter irrigation (0, 600, 1200, 1800, 2400, 3000, 3600 m3/hm2) combined with a small amount of spring irrigation(300 m3/hm2)on soil water-salt transport and salinity leaching efficiency during the fallow period in cotton fields in southern Xinjiang were studied. 【Result】(1) Winter irrigation has a certain water storage effect. In the early stage of winter irrigation, the soil moisture content of all treatments increased significantly, and the soil moisture content of 0~30 cm soil layer had the largest overall increase. Before spring irrigation, soil moisture content of each treatment decreased significantly, and the soil moisture content of 0~100 cm layer under 600 m3/hm2 winter irrigation and no winter irrigation treatments were lower than that before winter irrigation. After supplementary spring irrigation, the average mass moisture content of 0~30 cm soil layer was more than 15.66% for the treatment with winter irrigation quota of 1800 m3/hm2 and above.(2) Water is the carrier of salt transport. In the early stage of winter irrigation, the effective leaching depth of soil salt gradually increased with the increase of winter irrigation quota. When the amount of winter irrigation reached 2400 m3/hm2 and above, the effective leaching depth of salt can reached 100 cm. Before spring irrigation, after the long-term soil evaporation in the fallow period, different degrees of salt return occurred in all treatments, and the non-winter irrigation treatment had the most severe salt return on the soil surface. After supplementary spring irrigation of 300 m3/hm2, the soil salt in each treatment was leached again, and the overall salt content in 0~30 cm soil layer decreased significantly. (3) After the whole fallow period, the average desalination rate of 0~30 cm and 0~100 cm soil layers were the highest in the treatment of 2400 m3/hm2 winter irrigation combined with 300 m3/hm2 spring irrigation. (4)After spring irrigation, the average conductivity of 0~30 cm soil layer and 0~10 cm soil layer were 1.40 mS/cm and 1.30 mS/cm, respectively, and the corresponding total salt content were 3.65 and 3.32 g/kg, respectively, which were lower than the suitable value of cotton emergence salt content (3.7‰).【Conclusion】Considering water saving, desalination effect and soil water and salt content in the 0~30 cm soil layer after spring irrigation, the irrigation quota of 2400 m3/hm2 is the optimal winter irrigation quota under the condition of winter irrigation combined with a small amount of spring irrigation in this region. |
| Key words: winter irrigation; spring irrigation; water salt transport; salt leaching; winter irrigation quota |
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