| Cite this article: | 李欢欢,宋嘉雯,孙景生,等.不同水氮供应对温室番茄每穗层果实养分和产量构成的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| LI Huanhuan,Song Jiawen,SUN Jingsheng,et al.不同水氮供应对温室番茄每穗层果实养分和产量构成的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| Effects of Different Water and Nitrogen Supply on Fruit Nutrients and Yield Components of Greenhouse Tomato per Truss |
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LI Huanhuan, Song Jiawen, SUN Jingsheng, WANG Jinglei, Qiang Xiaoman, LIU Hao
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Farmland Irrigation Research Institute,CAAS
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water and nitrogen are important factors affecting crop growth and yield formation. Clarifying the effects of water and nitrogen on the fruit water content, nutrient absorption and accumulation and yield components in different fruit trusses has important guidance for optimizing water and nitrogen management in greenhouse tomato.【Method】 Four nitrogen rates (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg N.ha-1, termed as N0, N1, N2 and N3 respectively) and three irrigation amounts (50%, 70% and 90% of Epan, termed as I1, I2 and I3 respectively) based on the cumulative evaporation (Epan) measured with a standard 20-cm pan, were designed to study the effects of different water and nitrogen supply on fruit water (FW) content, fruit total nitrogen (FTN) content, fruit total potassium (FTK) content and yield components in every truss. 【Result】There were significant differences in fruit nutrients and yield components between trusses, the content of FW and FTN decreased first and then increased with increasing fruit truss. However, FTK and fruit-setting number increased first and later decreased with increasing fruit truss. The highest FTN content and the lowest FTK content in the 1st truss caused an uncoordinated ratio of nitrogen to potassium, resulting in the small fruit-setting number and average fruit weight. The synergistic effect of high FTN content and FTK content in the 2nd truss resulted in the largest fruit-setting number and average fruit weight. Averaging across nitrogen rates, irrigation had no significant effect on the FTN and FTK contents in every truss, but FW content, fruit-setting number, average fruit weight and yield in every truss increased with the increasing irrigation amount. However, the increase of fruit-setting number in every truss was small when irrigation amount was over I2. The fruit-setting number in I3 was increased by only 0.6 % when compared with I2. Averaging across irrigation amounts, increasing nitrogen rates significantly reduced FW content in every truss, promoted the absorption of nitrogen and potassium by fruit, and increased fruit-setting number and yield, but the increase of fruit-setting number and yield was small or even decreased when nitrogen rate was over N1. Compared with N0, the average fruit-setting number of every truss in N1, N2 and N3 increased by 13.94 %, 10.38 % and 10.68 % respectively, and the yield increased by 13.63 %, 10.66 % and 8.42 % respectively. The significant difference of fruit-setting number and average fruit weight among truss was mainly due to the different nutrient and water absorption of fruit in different fruit trusses. Tomato yield was mainly determined by the fruit-setting number and average fruit weight in every truss. The effect of fruit-setting number on yield was significantly greater than the average fruit weight. Irrigation mainly affected yield by regulating single fruit weight, and nitrogen application mainly affected yield by regulating fruit-setting number. 【Conclusion】The study laid a foundation for the realization of the optimal water and nitrogen management for the synergistic improvement of fruit yield per truss in greenhouse tomato. |
| Key words: water and nitrogen; greenhouse tomato; fruit nutrients; yield components |
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