| Cite this article: | 张婷婷,段玉,张君,等.阴山北麓向日葵需水规律及水氮耦合效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| zhangtingting,duanyu,zhangjun,et al.阴山北麓向日葵需水规律及水氮耦合效应研究[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| Study on Water demand and coupling effect of water and nitrogen on Sunflower in the north of Yinshan Mountain |
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zhangtingting1, duanyu1, zhangjun1, anhao1, liangjunmei1, fanxia2, 韩振勇2
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1.Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences;2.Hohhot Saihan District Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center
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| Abstract: |
| Abstract: 【Objective】To clarify the water requirement rule of sunflower, improve the coupling effect of water and nitrogen, and realize the sustainable development of sunflower.【Methods】A field plot experiment was conducted. Three irrigation rates (rain-fed W0, supplemental irrigation W1/675 m3/ hm2, normal irrigation W2/1350 m3/ hm2), three nitrogen levels (N0 no nitrogen, recommended N rate N1/135kg/ hm2, excess N application N2/270kg/hm2) were set. To study the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on yield, water consumption, water use efficiency, fertilizer use efficiency and water-nitrogen coupling effect of sunflower.【Result】 Achene yield, water consumption and nitrogen use efficiency increased with the increase of irrigation amount. The highest yield of N1 treatment was significantly different from that of no N treatment. With the increase of nitrogen application rate, sunflower water consumption also increased. The quadratic polynomial regression simulation was conducted between irrigation rate (W) and nitrogen application rate (N) and achene yield (Y). The highest yield was obtained with irrigation rate of 177.1mm and nitrogen application rate of 218.6kg/hm2, and the water-nitrogen coupling was a positive effect. The results showed that the water consumption of rain-fed, supplementary irrigation and normal irrigation of sunflower at the northern foot of Yinshan was 229.8, 297.4 and 360.5mm, respectively. The 12 leaves ~ bud stage (27~67 days after emergence) was the key period of water and fertilizer demand for sunflower. The water consumption of N0, N1 and N2 was 271.0, 303.1 and 313.5mm, respectively. Irrigation had little effect on crude lipid content in sunflower achene, nitrogen application had negative effect on crude lipid content in sunflower achene, and excessive nitrogen application was not beneficial to fat accumulation. The proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in seeds increased with the improvement of water condition and the content of unsaturated fatty acids increased with the optimization of nitrogen application.【Conclusion】The water consumption, water intensity and water consumption modulus of sunflowers in different irrigation and nitrogen application conditions were studied. The 12-leaf budding period is the key period of water and fertilizer demand for sunflower, and the supply of water and fertilizer should be ensured. The N use efficiency increased with the increase of irrigation amount, and the N use efficiency of optimal N application was significantly higher than that of excessive N application. The optimal nitrogen application and reasonable irrigation could increase the seed yield and increase the crude fat content and the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid. |
| Key words: Sunflower; Water-nitrogen coupling; Yield; Water consumption; WUE; Nitrogen use efficiency |
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