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| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023042 |
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| Combined Effects of Biogas Slurry Application and Chemical Fertilization on Rice Growth and Soil Quality |
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WEI Fei, LI Yongjie, SUN Qiwei, XU Xiaoyan, WANG Xiaobo
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1. College of Agronomy and Resource and Environment, Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300392, China;
2. Tianjin Nongken Bohai Agricultural Group Company Limited, Tianjin 301800, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Amending soil with biogas slurry is a way to treat livestock wastes. This paper is to elucidate the combined effect of biogas slurry application and chemical fertilization on improving rice yield and soil quality.【Method】A two-year field experiment was conducted from 2021—2022, with the traditional chemical fertilization served as the control (CK). There were two biogas slurry treatments: 150 m3/hm2 and 300 m3/hm2, each associated with three chemical fertilizations by applying 25%, 50% and 75% of the chemical fertilizer traditionally used by local farmers. The fertilizers were applied in two or three top-addressings. In each treatment, we measured rice growth and changes in soil properties. 【Result】① In 2021, applying 300 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 25% of traditionally used fertilizer (topdressing 3 times) gave the highest yield at 9.88 t/hm2. In 2022, the highest yield was 10.4 t/hm2, achieved by applying 150 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 50% of traditionally used fertilizer (topdressing 3 times). In both years, applying 150 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 25% of traditionally used fertilizer but by topdressing twice only gave the lowest yield. Applying 300 m3/hm2 of biogas combined with 50% and 75% of traditionally used reduced the rice yield and taste of the grains. ② Increasing topdressing from 2 to 3 times increased rice yield when the fertilization was the same. ③ Applying biogas slurry increased soil organic matter by 7.1% to 52.4%. Increasing biogas slurry and chemical fertilization also increased alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, phosphatase activity, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil, but had little effect on soil pH. Applying 150 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 25% of traditionally used fertilizer reduced alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents, compared to CK. Applying 300 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 50% of traditionally used fertilizer increased EC, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents in the soil, compared to CK. ④ Applying 75% of traditionally used fertilizer increased soil phosphatase activities by 10.6% and 42.4%, depending on biogas slurry application, compared to CK.【Conclusion】Combing biogas slurry application and chemical fertilization can improve rice yield, soil nutrient contents, and enzyme activity only when applied at right rates. From our two-year experiment, applying 150 m3/hm2 of biogas slurry combined with 50%~75% of traditionally used fertilizers by topdressings the fertilizers 3 times is optimal for improving crop yield and soil quality. |
| Key words: rice; biogas slurry; chemical fertilizer; yield; soil nutrient |
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