| Cite this article: | 陈慧,蔡甲冰,黄权中,等.覆膜和降雨强度对玉米耗水过程及土壤水分入渗的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,():-. |
| Chen Hui,Cai Jia-Bing,Huang Quan-Zhong,et al.覆膜和降雨强度对玉米耗水过程及土壤水分入渗的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,():-. |
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| Effects of mulching and rainfall intensity on soil water infiltration and water consumption for Maize |
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Chen Hui1, Cai Jia-Bing1, Huang Quan-Zhong2, Chen Min-Jian1, Huang Lin1, Huang Guan-Hua2
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1.State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research;2.Center for Agricultural Water Research in China,China Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| With increasing shortage of water resources in irrigation district in North China, it is in need and very important to make full use of rainfall and improve the water use efficiency in agricultural production. Under this situation, the key studies are to learn the rule of soil water infiltration, movement, and redistribution at different surface mulching and irrigation method. In this paper, multiple lysimeters are employed to carry out experiments of maize water consumption in different rainfall intensity and ground cover, companying with the rain shelter and artificial rainfall facility. Artificial rainfall amount and their process in crop growth season are designed and simulated based on frequency analyses of 60 years in Beijing area. Two rainfall intensities are 0.5mm/min (small) and 1.5mm/min (big). There are 3 treatments set up to compare the maize water consumptions and soil water infiltration, including of Mulching Drip Irrigation (MDI), Surface Drip Irrigation (SDI) and contrast treatment of bare soil (No Plant, NP), respectively. Results showed that: (1) The water use efficiency of MDI increased by 13.1~13.7% than the SDI, which indicates that mulching has significant effect on water saving and increasing crop yield. (2) The amount order of water consumption was NP < MDI < SDI. Water consumption of MDI decreases 9.6~11.6% comparing with the SDI. Mulching supports significant contribution to soil moisture in 20~60cm depth and soil temperature of 0~60cm. (3) The infiltration rate of soil water sends up clearly when rainfall intensity increases. Compared with small rainfall intensity, the soil deep seepage increases 40.6mm at 1.5mm/min rainfall intensity. (4) The main soil depth in crop root zone is 0~150cm affected by rainfall and irrigation to soil water movement. The soil water storages of MDI and NP are larger than the SDI in 0~240cm. However, the rainfall intensity has less effect to the soil water storage in whole 0~240cm. But the small rainfall intensity profits it at same rainfall. (5) Rainfall intensity affects the soil water infiltration and redistribution. At the top of 0~20cm, soil infiltration rate is biggest in NP treatment at rainfall intensity of 0.5mm/min, and the MDI is the biggest at 1.5mm/min. But the change is opposite at the depth of 40cm. The soil water content reach peak in MDI treatment at rainfall intensity of 0.5mm/min and the NP is the fastest at 1.5mm/min. At the depth of 60cm, the soil water filtration appear as order by NP > MDI > SDI, whatever at small rainfall intensity or big. At the same time, the soil water content change rate is faster at rainfall intensity of 1.5mm/min than the small. Those results could support the high utilization of natural rainfall resources and promoting water use efficiency in agricultural field. |
| Key words: Mulching, Maize, Rainfall Intensity, Water Consumption, Water Use Efficiency, Soil Water Infiltration |
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