| Cite this article: | 卢闯,逄焕成,靳存旺,等.一膜两年覆盖对河套灌区盐碱土水盐分布和食葵生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(8):-. |
| LU Chuang,PANG Huancheng,JIN Cunwang,et al.一膜两年覆盖对河套灌区盐碱土水盐分布和食葵生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2020,(8):-. |
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| Effect of Two Years Plastic Film Mulching on Soil Water-salt Distribution and Sunflower Growth in Hetao Irrigation Region |
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LU Chuang,PANG Huancheng,JIN Cunwang,et al
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1.Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;2.Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension and Service Center of Wuyuan Country
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Soil salinization was the major causes of declining agriculture productivity in the Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia, China. Plastic mulch could prevent soil salt from moving to soil surface, so that the techniques had been widely popularized. However, extensive use of plastic film caused environmental problem and crop harm. Therefore, a farming method with reduction of plastic film was in need of change.【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to provide application foundation for 2 years plastic film mulching on saline soils in Hetao irrigation district. 【Method】In a field experiments, two treatments including conventional autumn cultivation with new film mulching in the next spring (CT), no autumn tillage with old film retained (NT) were carried out to study the effects of different methods on the moderate saline soil, such as soil water-salt distribution, soil temperature, and sunflower growth, moreover, its economic benefits were evaluated. 【Result】Before spring sowing, compared with CT treatment, soil water content of NT treatment were significantly higher in the 0-80 cm soil layers, and soil water storage in 1 m profiles increased by 9.91%. In the meanwhile, soil salt content of NT treatments were significantly lower in 0-100 cm soil layers, and soil salt storage of NT treatment decreased by 35.86% than that of CT treatment. After harvest, there was no significant difference of soil water storage between CT and NT treatments, but soil salt storage of NT treatment significantly decreased by 35.86% compared with CT treatments. Soil salt content of NT treatment were lower than CT at 5-100 cm depth.NT significantly decreased the warming effect, and mean soil temperature reduced by 0.9 ℃ and 1.5 ℃ at 6 o’clock and 14 o’clock respectively compared with CT. But the difference of temperature at 14 o’clock between CT and NT tended to be slight as the growth progresses. The crop under NT treatments tended to be slow growing at bud stage, thus the plant height and underground dry matter decreased by 23.81%, 23.61% compared with CT, respectively. When it came to flowing stage, crop growth of NT treatment began to accelerate. Over the growth stage from flowing stage to mature,the accumulation rate of overground dry mater and underground dry matter under NT treatments were higher than that of CT by 23.50% and 26.59% respectively. NT treatment did not affect the yield of sunflower. NT treatment reduced the input of mulch, tillage, and labor. The radio of output to input of CT and NT were 3.07, 4.53 respectively. 【Conclusion】It was therefore suggested that in Hetao irrigation district, the treatment NT was one of the effective cultivation methods with the reduced cost and plastic film resources. |
| Key words: two years plastic film mulching; saline soil; soil water-salt distribution; sunflower |
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