| Cite this article: | 沈甜,黄小晶,牛锐敏,等.不同灌水处理对‘赤霞珠’生长及果实品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
| SHEN Tian,HUANG Xiaojing,NIU Ruimin,et al.不同灌水处理对‘赤霞珠’生长及果实品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,0,():-. |
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| Effects of Different Irrigation Treatments on Growth and Fruit Quality of Vitis vinifera cv. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ |
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SHEN Tian, HUANG Xiaojing, NIU Ruimin, XU Zehua, CHEN Weiping
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Germplasm Resources Institute,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】The eastern foot of Helan Mountain is mainly concentrated in the wide area between the alluvial fan of Helan Mountain and the alluvial plain of the Yellow River, which belongs to drought and water shortage, and the average annual rainfall is less than 1/10 of the average annual evaporation. The eastern foot of Helan Mountain is mostly sandy soil. The area where the experiment was carried out was flat, the groundwater level was shallow, the soil was irrigated and tidal soil, the surface sandy soil, the soil fertility was higher, the soil texture below the root system was more viscous, and the soil salt content was higher than that of other small production areas. Water is one of the important factors that control the growth and quality of wine grapes. Regulated deficit irrigation is a scientific method of water management in orchards in recent years. It can effectively improve the water use efficiency and affect the synthesis of compounds in plants by regulating the flow of photosynthetic products. The progress, and then reach the preset goals.【Objective】To clarify the irrigation scheme planting of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grape for anthropogenic-alluvial soil in the eastern foot of Helan Mountain.【Method】With 18 years ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ as material, the treatments included 5247.3763 m3/hm2(CK), 4497.7511 m3/hm2(T1), 3748.1259 m3/hm2(T2), 2998.5007 m3/hm2(T3) at shooting stage, and the shoot growth, photosynthetic characteristics, diurnal variation of leaf water potential, and fruit quality index of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ grapes were analyzed, the optimal irrigation scheme was obtained through comprehensive evaluation.【Result】Reduced irrigation water significantly reduced the growth of new shoots, and the growth of new shoots in the upper and middle part of the tree was significantly affected than that in the lower part of the tree. With the decrease of irrigation water, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves decreased to different degrees. With the increase of the node of branches, the net photosynthetic rate of leaves showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. As the fruit matures, the node of the leaf with the highest measured net photosynthetic rate gradually increases, and as the amount of irrigation decreases, the earlier the time for the maximum net photosynthetic rate of the leaf to shift to the higher node. In the four critical periods of fruit development, the maximum value of net photosynthetic rate of T2 treatment was reduced by 11.07%, 15.01%, 9.58%, and 17.15% sequentially, while the maximum value of net photosynthetic rate of T3 treatment was 30.23% lower than that of control. Reducing the amount of irrigation significantly reduces the leaf water potential. Regarding the fruit quality, reducing the amount of irrigation water inhibited the expansion of the fruit to a certain extent, and water control had the greatest impact on the fruit weight per fruit during the fruit expansion period. The weight per fruit during the T3 treatment at the mature stage was reduced by 14.69% compared with the control. Water control significantly increased the soluble solids and total soluble sugar of fruit. The soluble solids of T3 treatment was significantly higher than other treatments, which was 4.92% higher than the control. At 107 days after flowering, the total soluble sugars of T1 treatment, T2 and T3 treatments were higher than CK increased by 4.71%, 3.52% and 5.02%. During mature harvesting, the total phenol and tannin contents of T2 treatment were increased by 8.56% and 5.39% respectively, while those of T1, T2, and T3 were reduced by 10.13%, 15.00%, and 15.00%, respectively. Reducing the amount of irrigation promotes the accumulation of total phenol and tannin in the fruit, significantly reduceed the titratable acid content, and was conducived to the improvement of fruit quality.【Conclusion】T2 treatment (3748.1259 m3/hm2) was the best. The irrigation amount at different growth stages was 749.6252 m3/hm2 at the germination stage, 299.8501 m3/hm2 at the branching stage, 449.7751 m3/hm2 at the flowering stage, and 899.5502 m3/hm2 at the fruit expansion stage(in two irrigations), the irrigation was 149.9250 m3/hm2 during the color change period, and 1199.4003 m3/hm2 during winter irrigation. |
| Key words: regulated;deficit irrigation, grape, growing;development, fruit;quality |
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