| 引用本文: | 韩金朝,冯俊杰,翟国亮,等.生育期连续水分亏缺对秋冬茬辣椒生长特性和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,():-. |
| HAN Jinzhao,FENG Junjie,ZHAI Guoliang,et al.生育期连续水分亏缺对秋冬茬辣椒生长特性和品质的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2023,():-. |
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| 生育期连续水分亏缺对秋冬茬辣椒生长特性和品质的影响 |
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韩金朝1, 冯俊杰1, 翟国亮1, 徐洪刚2, 王明3, 宋蕾1, 郝萍萍1
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1.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所;2.浙江大学 杭州;3.中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所 河南
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探究各生育期水分亏缺对黄河中下游地区辣椒生长、产量和品质的影响。【方法】通过新乡日光温室辣椒的开花坐果期、结果期灌水量两因素裂区滴灌试验,以辣椒的开花坐果期为主区K、结果期为副区 J,各设置三种不同的水分胁迫处理分别为重度亏缺K1、J1的土壤含水率(土壤含水率为田间持水的量55%-65%)、轻度亏缺灌溉K2、J2(土壤含水率为田间持水量的65%-75%)、充分灌溉K3、J3(土壤含水率为田间持水量的75%-85%),测定各水分处理下的辣椒不同生育期的株高、茎粗、产量和品质。【结果】1.所有各生育阶段的水分亏缺处理,均会降低辣椒株高、茎粗,但开花坐果期和结果期轻度亏缺灌溉,对株高、茎粗的影响均不显著；2.开花坐果期适度亏缺(K2J3)能增加秋冬茬辣椒产量,促进商品果产量的形成,减少非商品果数量,比充分灌溉处理(K3J3)商品果产量增加了18.9%；3.辣椒品质方面,K2J3处理可溶性糖含量最佳,K1J1处理二氢辣椒碱含量最高,K2J2处理辣椒碱、可溶性蛋白,维生素C含量最高。【结论】综合对比得出秋冬茬辣椒在开花坐果期的轻度亏缺灌溉(K2J3)水平,可实现高产,在结果期连续轻度亏缺灌溉(K2J2)水平,既可实现较高产量,又能达到较高品质。研究结果为新乡地区日光温室秋冬茬辣椒种植,节水、增产提质提供一定参考。 |
| 关键词: 辣椒;亏缺灌溉;生长特性;产量;品质 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2023320 |
| 分类号:S274 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of water deficit on growth and fruit quality of autumn-winter pepper |
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HAN Jinzhao,FENG Junjie,ZHAI Guoliang,et al
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1.Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences;2.Zhejiang University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Background】Peppers are shallow-rooted crops with a high leaf area index (LAI) and stomatal conductivity, making them sensitive to changes in soil moisture content. They are prone to drought and waterlogging stress, and both excessive and insufficient irrigation can inhibit pepper growth and lead to decreased yield and quality. Therefore, studying smaller irrigation amounts at different growth stages and maintaining soil moisture within an appropriate range have been a focal point for researchers aiming to improve both the yield and quality of peppers in China.【Objective】This study aims to investigate the effects of water deficit at different reproductive stages on the growth, yield, and quality of chili peppers in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River.【Method】A split-plot drip irrigation experiment was conducted in a solar greenhouse in Xinxiang. The main plot was the flowering and fruiting stage (K), and the subplot was the fruiting stage (J). Three different water stress treatments were applied: severe deficit in soil moisture content for K1 and J1 (soil moisture content was 55%-65% of field water-holding capacity), mild deficit irrigation for K2 and J2 (soil moisture content was 65%-75% of field water-holding capacity), and sufficient irrigation for K3 and J3 (soil moisture content was 75%-85% of field water-holding capacity). The plant height, stem diameter, yield, and quality of chili peppers at different water treatments were measured. 【Result】(1) Water deficit treatments at all reproductive stages reduced the plant height and stem diameter of chili peppers, but the mild deficit irrigation during the flowering and fruiting stage and the fruiting stage did not significantly affect plant height and stem diameter. (2) Moderate deficit irrigation during the flowering and fruiting stage (K2J3) increased the yield of autumn-winter chili peppers, promoted the formation of marketable fruits, and reduced the number of non-marketable fruits. Compared to the sufficient irrigation treatment (K3J3), the yield of marketable fruits increased by 18.9%. (3)In terms of chili pepper quality, the K2J3 treatment had the highest soluble sugar content, the K1J1 treatment had the highest dihydrocapsaicin content, and the K2J2 treatment had the highest capsaicin, soluble protein, and vitamin C content.【Conclusion】Overall, moderate deficit irrigation during the flowering and fruiting stage (K2J3) and continuous mild deficit irrigation during the fruiting stage (K2J2) can achieve high yield and high quality for autumn-winter chili peppers. The research results provide a reference for water-saving, yield-increasing, and quality-improving cultivation of chili peppers in solar greenhouses in the Xinxiang area. |
| Key words: chili pepper; deficit irrigation; growth characteristics; yield; quality |
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