| 摘要: |
| 【目的】为探究灌水量、施氮量、机械曝气增氧三因素耦合对水稻秧苗生长的影响,实现寒区水稻温室育秧的水肥气精细化管理,提高秧苗素质。【方法】以龙稻18水稻为试验对象,以灌溉定额、施氮量、增氧频率为试验因素,采用二次回归正交旋转组合设计方案进行试验,根据试验结果建立秧苗各项生长指标对育秧期间水、氮、气环境变量的回归模型；借助因子分析法对育秧效果进行综合评价,对秧苗生长指标提取公因子,根据综合评价值确定最适的灌水、施氮、曝气增氧方案,构建水稻秧苗生长模型。【结果】结果表明在所有处理中,第14、7处理组是水稻秧苗生长表现较优的处理组,第11处理组的秧苗综合评价值最小,生长最差；借助生长模型的响应面图分析可知,在较低灌溉定额范围内增加施氮量和增氧频率更有利于培育生长表现更优的秧苗,在较高的施氮水平下增加增氧频率有效促进秧苗生长。【结论】最优环境变量变化区间为灌溉定额36.55~59.01mm,施氮量20~28.9g/m2,增氧频率4~6次/天。本研究可为寒区水稻温室育秧的生产管理优化提供支持。 |
| 关键词: 水稻温室育秧;水肥气精细化管理;因子分析;秧苗生长模型 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025220 |
| 分类号:S274.3 |
| 基金项目:中央引导地方科技发展专项项目(ZY20B05)；黑龙江八一农垦大学人才引进项目(XDB202212)；黑龙江八一农垦大学三纵三横项目(ZRCPY202225)。 |
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| Study on the Effects of Coupling Irrigation, Nitrogen Application, and Mechanical Aeration on the Growth of Rice Seedlings in Cold Regions |
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Han Zhao, Liu Shaodong, Lin Yanyu
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College of Civil engineering and water conservancy,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To investigate the effects of the combination of irrigation amount, nitrogen application amount, and mechanical aeration on the growth of rice seedlings, and to achieve fine management of water, fertilizer, and gas for greenhouse seedling cultivation in cold regions, in order to improve the quality of seedlings. 【Method】Taking Longdao 18 rice as the experimental object, irrigation quota, nitrogen application rate, and oxygenation frequency as the experimental factors, a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination design scheme was adopted for the experiment. Based on the experimental results, a regression model was established for various growth indicators of seedlings on water, nitrogen, and gas environmental variables during seedling cultivation; Using factor analysis method to comprehensively evaluate the seedling raising effect, extracting common factors for seedling growth indicators, determining the most suitable irrigation, nitrogen application, aeration and oxygenation scheme based on the comprehensive evaluation value, and constructing a rice seedling growth model.【Result】The results showed that among all treatments, the 14th and 7th treatment groups showed better growth performance of rice seedlings, while the 11th treatment group had the lowest comprehensive evaluation value of seedlings and the worst growth; Based on the response surface analysis of the growth model, it can be concluded that increasing nitrogen application rate and oxygenation frequency within a lower irrigation quota range is more conducive to cultivating seedlings with better growth performance. Increasing oxygenation frequency at higher nitrogen application levels effectively promotes seedling growth.【Conclusion】The optimal range of environmental variables is irrigation quota of 36.55~59.01mm, nitrogen application rate of 20~28.9g/m2, and oxygenation frequency of 4~6 times/day. This study can provide support for the optimization of production management of rice seedlings in cold regions through greenhouse cultivation. |
| Key words: Rice greenhouse seedling cultivation; Fine management of water, fertilizer, and gas; Factor analysis; Seedling growth model |
