| 引用本文: | 高金虎,冯旭平,赵铭森,等.调亏灌溉对籽用工业大麻叶片生理、产量及水分利用效率的影响 [J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
| GAO Jinhu,FEN Xuping,ZHAO mingsen,et al.调亏灌溉对籽用工业大麻叶片生理、产量及水分利用效率的影响 [J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
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| 调亏灌溉对籽用工业大麻叶片生理、产量及水分利用效率的影响 |
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高金虎, 冯旭平, 赵铭森, 孔佳茜, 孟晓康, 康红梅
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山西农业大学 经济作物研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】以籽用工业大麻为研究对象,防雨棚条件下,对旺长期(R)和灌浆期(G)工业大麻进行调亏灌溉处理,研究叶片生理、籽粒产量、耗水量和水分利用效率的变化。【方法】采用双因素随机区组设计,分别设置充分灌溉(R1和G1,土壤含水量为田间持水量的70%～80%)、轻度调亏灌溉(R2和G2,60%～70%)和重度调亏灌溉(R3和G3,50%～60%)3个灌溉水平,共9个处理。【结果】旺长期调亏灌溉处理对叶片净光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(Gs)、细胞间隙二氧化碳浓度(Ci)和蒸腾速率(Tr)均有显著影响,表现为R1>R2>R3；灌浆期调亏灌溉除对Gs 无显著影响外,Pn 、Ci和Tr均呈现G1>G2>G3。调亏灌溉处理对叶片SOD和POD影响显著。SOD在旺长期和灌浆期均表现为轻度调亏>充分灌溉>重度调亏；POD则表现为重度调亏>轻度调亏>充分灌溉。调亏灌溉处理对工业大麻叶面积指数影响显著。旺长期和灌浆期LAI均表现为随水分亏缺程度加深逐渐下降趋势。调亏灌溉处理下,旺长期和灌浆期叶片四氢大麻酚(THC)含量均表现为充分灌溉<轻度调亏<重度调亏。旺长期调亏灌溉处理对工业大麻分枝数、分枝高、籽粒产量影响均达显著水平,均表现为R1>R2>R3。灌浆期调亏灌溉处理对工业大麻千粒重和籽粒产量影响均达显著水平,均表现为G123。旺长期和灌浆期调亏灌溉处理两者的交互效应对籽粒产量影响达显著水平。旺长期和灌浆期水分调亏处理对工业大麻耗水量和水分利用效率影响均达显著水平。各处理中耗水量最大的是R1G1处理,水分利用效率最高的是R3G3处理。【结论】综合用水成本和籽粒产量因素,建议工业大麻旺长期进行充分灌溉,灌浆期轻度调亏灌溉,可取得最佳效果。 |
| 关键词: 工业大麻;调亏灌溉;叶片生理;水分利用效率;籽粒产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2024285 |
| 分类号:S563.3 |
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| Effects of regulated deficit irrigation on leaf physiology, yield and water use efficiency of industrial hemp for seed |
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GAO Jinhu, FEN Xuping, ZHAO mingsen, KONG Jiaqian, MENG Xiaokang, KANG Hongmei
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Institute of Industrial Crops,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI) on leaf physiology, seed yield, water consumption, and water use efficiency of seed hemp grown under rain shelter conditions during the vegetative (R) and grain-filling (G) stages. 【Method】A two-factor randomized block design was employed. Three irrigation levels were set: full irrigation (R1 and G1, soil water content at 70%-80% of field capacity), mild deficit irrigation (R2 and G2, 60%-70%), and severe deficit irrigation (R3 and G3, 50%-60%), resulting in a total of nine treatments. 【Result】(1) During the vegetative stage, RDI significantly affected leaf net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci), and transpiration rate (Tr), with results following the order R1 > R2 > R3. During the grain-filling stage, RDI significantly affected Pn, Ci, and Tr, but not Gs, with results following the order G1 > G2 > G3. (2)RDI significantly impacted leaf superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities. SOD activity during both stages followed the order mild deficit > full irrigation > severe deficit, while POD activity followed the order severe deficit > mild deficit > full irrigation. (3)RDI significantly influenced the leaf area index (LAI), which decreased with increasing water deficit during both stages. (4)Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content in leaves under RDI followed the order full irrigation < mild deficit < severe deficit during both stages.(5)RDI significantly affected the number of branches, branch height, and seed yield during the vegetative stage, following the order R1 > R2 > R3. During the grain-filling stage, RDI significantly impacted the thousand-seed weight and seed yield, following the order G1 < G2 < G3. The interaction of RDI during both stages significantly affected seed yield. (6)RDI during both stages also significantly influenced water consumption and water use efficiency, with the highest water consumption observed in R1G1 and the highest water use efficiency observed in R3G3. 【Conclusion】Considering water cost and seed yield, it is recommended to apply full irrigation during the vegetative stage and mild deficit irrigation during the grain-filling stage for optimal results in industrial hemp cultivation. |
| Key words: industrial;hemp, regulated;deficit irrigation, leaf;physiology, water;use efficiency, seed;yield |
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