| 引用本文: | 胡万林,杨伟,王紫嫣,等.长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量形成及其稳定性的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
| HU Wanlin,YANG Wei,WANG Ziyan,et al.长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量形成及其稳定性的影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究长期控水灌溉对双季稻产量及稳定性的影响，为稻田节水灌溉和可持续发展提供理论依据。【方法】基于2013—2019年湖北省荆州市双季稻大田试验，设置常规灌溉（CK）与控水灌溉（WI）处理，分析产量、生物量、产量构成因素及稳定性指标（变异系数CV、产量可持续指数SYI）变化。【结果】控水灌溉下早稻生物量与常规灌溉相比变化率为-3.87%~6.12%，有效穗数变化率为-8.56%~2.32%，结实率变化率为-4.67%~1.03%，每穗粒数变化率为-9.95%~5.99%，千粒重变化率为-3.54%~-0.54%，产量变化率为-6.69%~6.70%，收获指数变化率为-3.11%~0.56%。控水灌溉下晚稻生物量与常规灌溉相比增加0.57%~13.95%，有效穗数变化率为-0.21%~7.46%，结实率变化率为-1.44%~8.12%，每穗粒数变化率为-14.12%~7.08%，千粒重变化率为-0.11%~2.97%，产量变化率为-0.88%~9.70%，收获指数变化率为-3.72%~1.97%。双季稻总产量稳中有增（增幅1.07%~7.73%）。控水灌溉降低早稻产量稳定性（CV增加至10.28%，SYI降至0.756），但对晚稻稳定性无显著影响，双季稻系统总产量稳定性无显著变化（CV由4.83%降至3.79%）。偏最小二乘路径模型(PLS-PM)进一步表明控水灌溉对早稻产量形成具有负向效应，对晚稻具有正向效应，气象因子如平均气温、降雨对产量、生物量也具有显著影响。【结论】控水灌溉对早稻产量具有一定负面影响，可提高晚稻产量，并通过双季稻互补效应维持总产量稳定性，是一种可持续的灌溉模式。 |
| 关键词: 控水灌溉;双季稻;产量稳定性 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025192 |
| 分类号:S365 |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0209200、2022YFD2300500); 湖北省自然科学基金项目（2024AFA078）；国家自然科学基金项目(42475204); 中国农科院青年创新专项(Y2024QC07) |
|
| Effects of Long-Term Controlled Water Irrigation on Yield Formation and Stability of Double-Season Rice |
|
HU Wanlin1, YANG Wei1, WANG Ziyan2, CHEN Xi1, MAIO Tiantian2, QIN Xiaobo2, ZHU Bo1, YI Lixia1, wangbin2
|
|
1.Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Wetland Agriculture, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University;2.Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences
|
| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】To explore the effect of long-term controlled water irrigation on the yield and stability of double-season rice, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for water-saving irrigation practices and the sustainable development of paddy field. 【Methods】From 2013 to 2019, a double-season rice field experiment was conducted in Jingzhou City, Hubei Province. Conventional irrigation (CK) and controlled water irrigation (WI) treatments were established to analyze yield, biomass, yield components and stability indexes (coefficient of variation, CV; sustainability yield index, SYI). 【Results】Under controlled water irrigation, the change rate of early rice biomass ranged from -3.87% to 6.12% compared with conventional irrigation, effective spike number from -8.56% to 2.32%, seed-setting rate from -4.67% to 1.03%, grain number per spike from -9.95% to 5.99%, 1000-grain weight from -3.54% to -0.54%, yield from -6.69% to 6.70%, and harvest index from -3.11% to 0.56%. Under controlled water irrigation, late rice biomass increased by 0.57%–13.95% compared with conventional irrigation, while the variation rates of effective spike number ranged from -0.21% to 7.46%, seed-setting rate from -1.44% to 8.12%, grain number per spike from -14.12% to 7.08%, 1000-grain weight from -0.11% to 2.97%, yield from -0.88% to 9.70%, and harvest index from -3.72% to 1.97%. Total yield of double-season rice exhibited a steady increase (1.07%-7.73%). Controlled water irrigation reduced the yield stability of early rice, as evidenced by an increase in the coefficient of variation to 10.28% and a decrease in the stability yield index to 0.756. However, it had no significant impact on the yield stability of late rice. The yield stability of the double-season rice showed no significant influence, with the coefficient of variation decreasing from 4.83% to 3.79%. Further analysis using the Partial Least Squares Path Modeling (PLS-PM) revealed that controlled water irrigation exerted a negative effect on yield formation in early rice but a positive effect on late rice. Meteorological factors such as average temperature and rainfall also significantly impacted both yield and biomass. 【Conclusion】Controlled water irrigation negatively affects the yield of early rice but positively impacts the yield of late rice. The complementary effect of double-season rice helps maintain the stability of total yield, thereby constituting a sustainable irrigation model. |
| Key words: controlled water irrigation; double-season rice; yield stability |
