| 引用本文: | 郭丽丽,高超,李迪,等.有机肥替代比例对豫北作物—土壤—微生物碳氮磷含量及酶活性的影响*[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
| GUOLILI,GAOchao,LIDI,et al.有机肥替代比例对豫北作物—土壤—微生物碳氮磷含量及酶活性的影响*[J].灌溉排水学报,2025,():-. |
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| 有机肥替代比例对豫北作物—土壤—微生物碳氮磷含量及酶活性的影响* |
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郭丽丽, 高超, 李迪, 田梦, 张世柯, 杨建波, 樊鹏, 胡婵娟, 王国兵
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河南省科学院地理研究所
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究在豫北农田潮土生态系统下,不同比例有机肥替代化肥对作物—土壤—微生物碳氮磷含量及酶活性的影响,明确有机肥施肥方式、土壤养分含量与作物生长的相关性,为豫北夏玉米高产稳产和土地健康可持续发展提供技术支撑和理论依据。【方法】本研究通过大田试验,设置6种施肥处理,不施肥(CK)、无机化肥(CF)、20%有机肥替代(C20)、30%有机肥替代(C30)、50%有机肥替代(C50),100%有机肥替代(C100),研究有机肥替代氮肥比例对豫北地区夏玉米生物量、土壤碳氮磷含量、微生物碳氮磷及酶活性的影响。【结果】结果表明,与不施肥相比(CK),无论是施化肥还是有机肥替代均增加了玉米生物量,C30和C50显著增加了玉米植株C、N和P吸收。对于土壤养分含量,有机肥处理显著增加了土壤有机碳(SOC)和有效磷含量,其中C20、C30、C50和C100分别增加有机碳8%、11%、14%和29%,但是施肥处理对全N和全P没有产生显著影响。此外,与CK相比,有机肥替代化肥均显著提高了土壤蔗糖酶(10%-40%)、脲酶活性(10%-20%)和磷酸酶活性(60%-135%)；与CF相比,仅C30显著增加土壤蔗糖酶、C30和C50处理显著增加脲酶和磷酸酶活性,有机肥处理(C20、C30、C50和C100)均显著提高了MBC和MBN。相关性表明,玉米生物量与C、N吸收、蔗糖酶活性、脲酶活性、磷酸酶活性、MBC和微MBP均呈显著正相关,与土壤pH呈显著负相关。【结论】综上所述,有机肥替代30%化肥增加土壤微生物生物量,促进酶活性增加,进而提高土壤养分含量,达到作物生物量和营养吸收协同提升。 |
| 关键词: 玉米;化肥减量;土壤肥力;微生物生物量;酶活性 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025287 |
| 分类号:S144 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of organic fertilizer substitution ratios on Carbon, Nitrogen, and Phosphorus Content of Crop-Soil-Microbial and Enzyme Activity in Northern Henan |
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GUOLILI, GAOchao, LIDI, TIAN MENG, ZHANG SHIKE, YANG JIANBO, FAN PENG, HU CHANJUAN, WANG GUOBING
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Institute of Geographical Sciences, Henan Academy of Sciences
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objectives】In order to investigate the effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer substitution for chemical fertilizer on carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus content as well as enzyme activities in crops, soil, and microorganisms in fluvo-aquic soils of Northern Henan, clarify the correlations between organic fertilization methods, soil nutrient content, and crop growth. It provides technical support and a theoretical basis for achieving high and stable yields of summer maize and promoting the healthy and sustainable development of farmland in Northern Henan.【Methods】a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on maize biomass, nutrient content, enzyme activity and microbial biomass, including not fertilization (CK), conventional chemical fertilizer (CF), 20% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer (C20), 30% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer (C30), 50% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer (C50), and 100% substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer (C100). The study examined the effects of organic fertilizer substitution of nitrogen fertilizer on corn biomass, soil carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) content, microbial carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, and enzyme activity in the northern Henan region. 【Results】The results showed that compared CK, both chemical fertilizer application and organic fertilizer replacement increased corn biomass. C30 and C50 significantly increased corn plant C, N, and P uptake. Regarding soil nutrient content, organic fertilizer treatments significantly increased soil organic carbon (SOC) and available phosphorus content, with C20, C30, C50, and C100 increasing organic carbon by 8%, 11%, 14%, and 29%, respectively. However, fertilization treatments did not significantly affect total N and total P. Additionally, compared with CK, organic fertilizer replacement of chemical fertilizer significantly increased soil sucrase activity (10%-40%), urease activity (10%-20%), and phosphatase activity (60%-135%); Compared with CF, only C30 significantly increased soil sucrase activity, while C30 and C50 treatments significantly increased urease and phosphatase activity. Organic fertilizer treatments (C20, C30, C50, and C100) all significantly increased MBC and MBN. Correlation analysis indicated that corn biomass was significantly positively correlated with C, N uptake, sucrase activity, urease activity, phosphatase activity, MBC, and MBP, and significantly negatively correlated with pH.【Conclusions】In summary, replacing 30% of chemical fertilizers with organic fertilizers increases soil microbial biomass, promotes enzyme activity, and thereby improves soil nutrient content, achieving synergistic improvements in crop biomass and nutrient absorption. |
| Key words: maize, reduced;fertilizer use, soil;fertility, microbial;biomass, enzyme;activity |
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