| 引用本文: | 晏 军,吴启侠,朱建强.中稻灌浆期对淹水胁迫的响应及排水指标研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(5):. |
| YAN Jun,WU Qixia,ZHU Jianqiang.中稻灌浆期对淹水胁迫的响应及排水指标研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(5):. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为了定量揭示淹水胁迫对水稻的影响和科学评估灾损并在此基础上提出相应的排水指标，在中稻（丰两优香1号）灌浆期设计了不同淹深（株高的1/4、1/2、3/4和4/4高度）及不同淹水持续时间（3、6和9 d）交互试验，研究了稻株生长和代谢对淹水胁迫的响应。结果表明，中稻灌浆期受淹水胁迫后，株高、节间显著增长；剑叶中的MDA质量摩尔浓度和POD活性随着淹水时间和淹水深度的增加会逐步上升；剑叶中的SOD活性和根系中POD和SOD活性的变化趋势为：当淹水时间为3 d时，会随着淹水深度增加而升高，而达到6 d和9 d时会呈现先升高后降低的趋势；根系中的MDA表现较灵敏，在同一淹水时间下，其质量摩尔浓度均会随着淹水深度增加呈现先增高后降低的趋势。在产量构成方面主要表现为穗结实率显著下降，其次是千粒质量和实际产量降低，当受涝深度分别为1/4PH（株高的1/4）、1/2PH、3/4PH和4/4PH时，受涝时间达到3 d以上，水稻会分别减产10.73%、10.82%、22.23%和45.81%以上。若以水稻减产20%为排水指标，当中稻灌浆期受到株高的（灌浆期株高137 cm）1/4、1/2、3/4和4/4高度的涝水时，应分别在9.9、5.0、3.3和2.5 d内将田面涝水排到其田面正常蓄水深度。 |
| 关键词: 中稻； 淹水胁迫； 形态结构； 生理特性； 排水指标 |
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| Response of Mid-season Rice to Waterlogging at Filling Stage and Its Consideration in Design of Drainage Standard |
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YAN Jun, WU Qixia, ZHU Jianqiang
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College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China； Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Jingzhou 434025, China
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| Abstract: |
| The impact of waterlogging at grain-fill stage on growth and yield of mid-season rice was experimentally studied. The impact of both waterlogging duration (from 3-9 days) and flooding depth (from ? to ? of plant height) at early grain-fill stage was examined. In the experiment, we measured the response of physiological traits and metabolism to the waterlogging. The results showed that the plant height, internode length, malonaldehyde (MDA) and peroxidase (POD) in the leaf blade sincreased with the waterlogging duration and flooding depth. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the leaf blade and SOD and POD in the roots change as follows: When waterlogging duration was 3 days they increased with flooding depth, while when the waterlogging duration is 6 and 9 days, they increased firstly and then decreased as the flooding depth increased. When waterlogging duration was the same, the MDA activity in the roots also increased first and then decreased as the flooding depth increased. Yield reduction was due to the decrease in panicle setting rate and grain quality. When the flooding depth was 1/4, 2/4, 3/4 and 4/4 of the plant height and the waterlogging duration was more than three days, the yield reduced by 10.73%, 10.82%, 22.23%, and 45.81%, respectively, in comparison with the control. Taking a reduction of 20% in seed yield (80% of relative yield) as a standard in designing drainage in paddy field, when the flooding depth was 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, and 4/4 of the plant height, the flooding water must be drained 9.9, 5.0, 3.3, and 2.5 days, respectively, after the waterlogging happened, to ensure that the yield reduction does not exceed 20%. |
| Key words: rice; flooding stress; morphological structure; physiological property; drainage index |
