| 引用本文: | 刘啸笑,何 章,夏冬冬,等.温度与土壤水分对玉米种子活力和贮藏物质转运的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
| LIU Xiaoxiao,HE Zhang,LIXIA Dongdong,et al.温度与土壤水分对玉米种子活力和贮藏物质转运的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
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| 摘要: |
| 为探究适宜的玉米田间管理，以玉米种子先玉335、良玉99为试验材料，置于人工气候箱中，研究了不同温度（15、20、25 ℃）和土壤质量含水率（20%、25%、30%、35%）对玉米种子活力及贮藏物质转运率的影响。结果表明，当土壤湿度相同时，随温度的下降，发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗叶长、幼苗质量、贮藏物质运转率均呈降低趋势；当温度相同时，随土壤湿度升高各指标呈先增加后降低的趋势。25 ℃条件下，土壤质量含水率25%时各指标均达最大值，最适于种子萌发生长。当温度降到15 ℃，土壤质量含水率35%时种子不能正常发芽，幼苗生长受到抑制。持续低温、高土壤水分条件不利于玉米种子的正常萌发和生长。 |
| 关键词: 玉米； 种子萌发； 温度； 土壤水分 |
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| Impact of Temperature and Soil Moisture on Seed Vitality of Maize and Transport of Storage Materials within It |
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LIU Xiaoxiao, HE Zhang, XIA Dongdong, ZHANG Zhian
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College of Life Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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| Abstract: |
| This paper experimentally investigated the impact of temperature (15 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃) and soil moisture (20%, 25%, 30%, 35%) on seed vitality and transport of storage matters in the seeds ofthe cultivars of Xianyu 335 and Liangyu 99 respectively in a climate-controlled chamber. The results showed that at the same soil water content, the germination rate, the germination index, seed vigor index, seedling, leaf length, seedling quality and transportation of the storage matters in the seeds decreased as the temperature increased, while at the same the temperature, the above indices increased firstly and then decreased assoil moisture increased. At temperature of 25 ℃, the above indexes peaked when soil water content was 25%, which was most suitable for seed germination and growth. When temperature dropped to 15 ℃, the seeds were no longer able to germinate at soil moisture content of 35% and the seedling growth was inhibited. Consistent low temperature and high soil moisture do not favor seed germination and seedling growth and should be avoided. |
| Key words: maize; seed germination; temperature; soil moisture content |
