| 引用本文: | 蒲文辉,张新燕,朱德兰.硅藻土微孔陶瓷灌水器水力性能研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
| PU Wenhui,ZHANG Xinyan,ZHU Delan.硅藻土微孔陶瓷灌水器水力性能研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
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| 摘要: |
| 灌水器是渗灌系统的重要组成部分。针对硅藻土微孔陶瓷灌水器，测试了其在干燥状态和浸泡饱水状态下的压力流量特征；将渭河天然泥沙经140目筛子筛分（d≤300 μm）后，配置成3种含沙量的浑水，对灌水器进行短周期灌水试验；用0.75 g/L的浑水进行灌水方法试验和灌水器浸泡饱水后灌水试验。结果表明，硅藻土微孔陶瓷灌水器压力与流量呈对数函数关系，随着压力增大，额定流量增大；清水灌溉时，随灌水次数增加，流量小幅度下降。灌水24次时，流量下降幅度约为10%；浑水试验时，流量除受灌水次数影响外，还受泥沙量的影响：相同灌水次数，含沙量增大时，流量下降幅度较大；浸泡处理减小了灌水器初始流量，减缓流量下降幅度。微观形貌进一步显示微孔陶瓷孔径在10～80 μm范围内，因此含沙水灌溉严重影响灌水器使用效果。 |
| 关键词: 渗灌； 水力性能； 灌水器； 微孔陶瓷； 硅藻土 |
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| Hydraulic Properties of Diatomite Porous Ceramic Irrigation Emitter |
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PU Wenhui, ZHANG Xinyan, ZHU Delan
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College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| Irrigation emitter is an important componentin irrigation and this paper investigated the pressure-flow rate relationship in diatomite porous ceramic irrigation emitters under both normal and water-soaked condition. Sediments taken from Wei River was sieved first (d<300 μm) and were then used to make muddy water at sediment concentration of 0.25 g/L, 0.75 g/L and 1.25 g/L respectively. The muddy water with sediment concentration of 0.75 g/L was used in irrigation test using the bothno-soaked and soaked emitters. The testing results showed that the flow rate in the diatomite porous ceramic emitters increased with pressure gradient in a power law. When using tap water for irrigation test, the flow rate decreased with numbers of irrigations, and after the number of irrigations reached 10, the flow rate was reduced by approximately 10%. When using the muddy water, however, the flow was affected not only by the number of irrigations, but also the sediment concentration. When the number of irrigation was the same, the flow rate reduced considerably as the sediment concentration increased. Soaking the emitter led to a decrease in initial flow rate, but reduced the decrease of the flow rate with sediment concentration. Micro morphology showed that the pore size of the porous ceramic was in the range of 10～80 μm. Therefore, irrigation using muddy water with high sediment concentration could affect the performance of the emitters. |
| Key words: infiltrating irrigation; hydraulic performance; irrigation emitter; micro-porous ceramics; diatomite |
