| 引用本文: | 白芳芳,乔冬梅,庞 颖,等.河南省冬小麦各生育期水分亏缺的空间分布及降水量突变检验[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
| BAI Fangfang,QIAO Dongmei,PANG Ying,et al.河南省冬小麦各生育期水分亏缺的空间分布及降水量突变检验[J].灌溉排水学报,2017,36(6):. |
|
| 摘要: |
| 为探明河南省冬小麦不同生育阶段缺水量情况，将其冬小麦生育阶段划分为生育前期（播种—三叶期）、分蘖—越冬期、返青—成熟期，根据河南省20个基准气象站点1951—2013年旬值气象资料，利用CROPWAT模型计算了冬小麦不同生育阶段有效降水量，用P-M公式计算了冬小麦需水量，进而得到了冬小麦缺水量；利用ArcGIS 10.0绘制了有效降水量、需水量、缺水量空间分布图，并分析了其空间变异性；利用Mann-Kendall非参数秩次相关检验法分析了冬小麦各生育阶段降水量时间序列变化趋势。结果表明，①不同生育阶段有效降水量整体呈由东南向西北递减趋势，部分地区略高于周边地区；不同生育阶段冬小麦需水量整体呈由西北向东南递减趋势，分蘖—越冬期降水量分布无明显规律；不同生育阶段缺水量整体呈由西北向东南递减趋势，部分地区略低于周边地区；②冬小麦全生育期、生育前期、分蘖—越冬期、返青—成熟期多年平均有效降水量分别为201.80、25.04、45.91、130.85 mm，多年平均需水量分别为432.52、39.23、104.22、289.07 mm，多年分别平均缺水量分别为230.72、14.19、58.31、158.22 mm；③Mann-Kendall检验结果表明，冬小麦全生育期降水量随时间整体呈降低趋势；而生育前期降水量则整体呈升高趋势；分蘖—越冬期降水量整体呈降低趋势；返青—成熟期降水量整体呈降低趋势，期间各生育阶段降水量亦随UF曲线变化而变化。故河南省冬小麦返青—成熟期缺水量较多，西北部安阳、新乡等地缺水量严重，南部驻马店、信阳等地水分充足；除生育前期外，各生育期降水量随时间整体呈下降趋势。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦； 有效降水量； 需水量； 缺水量； 降水量； Mann-Kendall |
| DOI： |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
|
| Spatial Distribution of Water Deficit of Winter Wheat in Different Growing Stages and Spatial Variation of Precipitation in Henan Province |
|
BAI Fangfang, QIAO Dongmei, PANG Ying, LIU Chuncheng, LU Hongfei, ZHAO Yulong, CHEN Siying， WANG Hezhou
|
|
Framland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China; National Agro-ecological System Observation and Research Station of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, China;Suiyang District Rural Work Committee Office of Shangqiu, Shangqiu 476000, China
|
| Abstract: |
| We calculated water deficit of winter wheat in Henan province by dividing its growing stage into early growth stage, tillering-wintering stage, and turning green-heading-maturity stage. Using the CROPWAT model and meteorological data measured from 1951—2013 at 20 sites across the province, we calculated the effective precipitation, water consumption and water deficit of the wheat at different growing stages. The spatial distribution and variability of these factors were analyzed using ArcGIS 10.0, and the precipitation during different growing stages was analyzed using the Mann-Kendall non parametric rank correlation test. The results for different growing seasons can be summarized as follows. ①The effective precipitation decreased from southeast to northwest, the water consumption decreased from northwest to southeast except in the tillering-wintering stage, and the water deficit decreased from northwest to southeast. ②The average effective precipitation during whole growing stage, early growth stage, tillering-wintering stage and turning green-heading-maturity stage was 201.80 mm, 25.04 mm, 45.91 mm, 130.85 mm respectively, the associated average water consumptions were 432.52 mm, 39.23 mm,104.22 mm, 289.07 mm respectively, and the associated average crop water deficits were 230.72 mm, 14.19 mm, 58.31 mm, 158.22 mm respectively. The Mann-Kendall test results showed that the precipitation decreased in whole growing stage, increased in early growth stage, decreased in the tillering-wintering stage and the turning green-heading-maturity stage. The precipitation in different growth stages changed with UF. In summary, water at the turning green-heading-maturity stage is in deficit in north of the province including Anyang, Xinxiang, but sufficient in the south including Zhumadian and Xinyang. |
| Key words: winter wheat; effective precipitation; water consumption; crop water deficit; precipitation; different growth stages; Mann-Kendall |
