| 引用本文: | 张 乐,尹 娟,王怀博,等.不同灌水处理对玉米生长特性及水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,,():24-29. |
| ZHANG Le,YIN Juan,WANG Huaibo,et al.不同灌水处理对玉米生长特性及水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,,():24-29. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对宁夏干旱区水资源严重匮乏、灌溉水利用效率低等问题，开展田间玉米膜下滴灌试验，探索不同灌水处理对玉米生长特性及水分利用效率的影响。【方法】通过设置4个灌溉定额（1 350、1 650、2 100、2 550 m3/hm2）和2个灌溉次数（8次、10次）共8个处理，研究了不同灌水处理对玉米耗水量、叶面积指数、光合特性、产量及水分利用效率的影响。【结果】耗水量随灌水量增加呈上升趋势，灌水8次条件下耗水量高于灌水10次；全生育期W1处理（2 550 m3/hm2，8次）叶面积指数最大，W8处理（1 350 m3/hm2，10次）叶面积指数最小；光合速率日变化呈双峰凸抛物线型，蒸腾速率日变化呈单峰凸抛物线型，低水分处理的蒸腾速率普遍低于高水分处理；W5 （1 650 m3/hm2，8次）、W7（1350 m3/hm2，8次）处理灌溉水生产效率高，但产量低，W2（2 550 m3/hm2，10次）、W4（2 100 m3/hm2，10次）、W1处理灌溉水生产效率很低， W3处理（2 100 m3/hm2，8次）水分生产效率仅次于W1处理，是节水的最佳处理。【结论】综上，灌水方案以W3处理为宜。 |
| 关键词: 灌水处理； 玉米； 生长特性； 水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0254 |
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| Effects of Different Irrigation Treatments on Growth Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Maize |
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ZHANG Le， YIN Juan， WANG Huaibo， TANG Rui
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College of Civil and Conservancy Engineer，Ningxia University， Yinchuan 750021， China；Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Water Resources in Modern Agriculture in Arid Regions，Yinchuan 750021，China； .Ningxia Research Center for Technology on Water-saving Irrigation and Water Resources Regulation，Yinchuan 750021，China；Ningxia Hydraulic Research Institute，Yinchuan 750021，China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Aiming at the problem of the serious shortage of water resources and low irrigation water use efficiency in arid zone of Ningxia，the experiments of maize under film drip irrigation were carried out to explore the effects of different irrigation treatments on growth characteristics and water use efficiency of maize. 【Method】The study was conducted to study the response of different irrigation treatments on water consumption of maize，leaf area index，photosynthetic characteristics，yield and water use efficiency by using eight treatments with four irrigation quota level (1 350 m3/hm2，1 650 m3/hm2，2 100 m3/hm2，2 550 m3/hm2) and two irrigation times (8 times，10 times). 【Result】There was a rising trend with the irrigation water consumption increasing，the water consumption of irrigating 8 times was higher than that of irrigating 10 times in the whole growth period；the leaf area index of W1 treatment was the maximum，and that of W8 treatment was the minimum；The change of leaf photosynthetic rate showed a convex bimodal parabolic，the rate of transpiration change showed a single peak convex parabola，and the transpiration rate of low water treatment was generally lower than that of the high water treatment；The irrigation water use efficiency of W5 and W7 treatments were high，but the yields were low，the irrigation water use efficiencies of W2，W4 and W1 treatments were low，and the water production efficiency of W3 treatment was only lower than that of W1 treatment. 【Conclusion】To sum up， W3 treatment was an appropriate mode with water-saving effect. |
| Key words: irrigation treatment； maize； growth characteristics； water use efficiency |
