| 摘要: |
| 田间灌水小区是滴灌系统的最小单元，该部分的设计是否合理，将直接影响到系统的工程投资、运行费和安全可靠性。【目的】优化滴灌支管轮灌小区管网布置。【方法】将田间支管轮灌小区作为一个整体，分别以单位面积投资最低和控制面积最大为目标建立数学模型，应用遗传算法对管网进行了优化计算。【结果】实例表明，双向毛管单位面积投资较单向毛管降低了4.31%，控制面积增加了28.41%；在水源供应允许的条件下，支管管径由32 mm增大到75 mm时，控制面积增加了393.78%，当支管管径由75 mm减小到32 mm时，最低投资降低了11.50%。【结论】在双向毛管布置方案控制面积和单位面积投资均优于单向毛管；增大支管管径有利于增加灌水小区控制面积，减小支管管径有利于降低单位面积投资。 |
| 关键词: 支管轮灌； 灌水小区； 管网布置； 优化模型； 遗传算法； 滴灌 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0051 |
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| Pipe Network Optimal Layout of Drip Irrigation in the Model of Rotation Irrigation with Branch Pipe Based on Genetic Algorithm |
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GUO Ming
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Liaoning River Water Conservancy and Hydropower Design and Research Institute of New Technology, Shenyang 110003, China; College of Water Conservancy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110161, China
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| Abstract: |
| The irrigation district is the smallest unit of drip irrigation system, whose design will directly affect the project investment, operating costs and safety reliability. 【Objective】 Optimalize the layout of pipe network of rotation irrigation with branch pipe. 【Method】 The network was considered as a whole in this study. The model was established based on the minimum investment per unit area and the maximum control area. Meanwhile, the genetic algorithm was used to complete optimization calculation. 【Result】 Compared with one-way capillary tube, the two-way capillary unit area investment was reduced by 4.31%, and the control area was increased by 28.41%； Under the condition of water supply, when the pipe diameter increased from 32 mm to 75 mm, the control area increased by 393.78%. When the pipe diameter was reduced from 75 mm to 32 mm, the minimum investment was reduced by 11.50%. 【Conclusion】 The bidirectional laterals is better than unidirectional one in both control area and unit area investment； Increasing diameter of branch pipe is conducive to increasing irrigation area control area to and reducing diameter of branch pipe is conducive to reduce the unit area investment. |
| Key words: rotation irrigation with branch pipe; irrigation district; pipe network layout; optimization model; genetic algorithm; drip irrigation |
