| 摘要: |
| 【目的】发展华北地区高效节水灌溉技术，探索华北地区主栽玉米品种的产量与水分利用对灌水量和灌溉方式响应，筛选不同灌溉模式下抗旱稳产玉米品种。【方法】设置了3种灌溉方式（地面灌溉、滴灌和微喷灌）、3种灌水量（高、中、低灌溉水平）和5~6个玉米品种处理，研究了不同玉米品种在不同灌溉模式和灌水量条件下的产量与水分利用特征。【结果】地面灌溉模式下，低灌水处理产量显著低于中灌水和高灌水处理，低灌水和中灌水处理水分利用效率显著大于高灌水处理；农华101品种夏玉米产量和水分利用效率最高，其次为浚单20和郑单958。微喷灌溉模式下，高灌水处理产量显著高于中灌水和低灌水处理，但后二者差异不显著；灌水处理对水分利用效率影响不显著；农华101品种夏玉米产量和水分利用效率显著高于其他品种，其次为先玉335和郑单958。滴灌灌溉模式下，灌水处理对夏玉米产量影响不显著，对水分利用效率影响显著，低灌水处理水分利用效率显著高于高灌水处理；浚单20、先玉335和登海605品种夏玉米产量显著高于中单909和郑单958品种的。因此，低灌水量可显著提高夏玉米水分利用效率，但3种灌溉模式下低灌水处理品种间产量差异显著。【结论】综合来看，华农101较适于地面灌溉和微喷灌，浚单20、先玉335和登海605适于喷灌技术。 |
| 关键词: 灌水量； 品种； 产量； 水分利用； 玉米 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0327 |
| 分类号: |
| 基金项目: |
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| Effect of Irrigation Patterns on Yield Formation and Water Use Across Various Maize Varieties in the North China Plain |
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GONG Wenjun
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Guangli Irrigation Authority , Jiaozuo City, Henan Province, Qinyang 454550, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Develop high-efficiency water-saving irrigation technique in North China Plain, explore the response of maize yield and water use to irrigation amounts and patterns across various staple maize cultivars, and identify the drought-tolerant and yield-stable maize cultivar for different irrigation patterns. 【Method】In this study, 3 irrigation patterns (flooding irrigation, drip irrigation and micro-springkler irrigation) combined with 3 irrigation levels (high, moderate, and low levels) and 5-6 maize varieties were set to investigate their effects on grain yield and water use characteristics of summer maize. 【Result】 Under flooding condition, grain yield with low irrigation amount was significantly lower than moderate and high irrigation levels, while water use efficiency (WUE) was higher with low and moderate irrigation levels than high levels. Yield and WUE of Huanong101 was highest, followed by Xundan 20 and Zhengdan 985. Under micro-sprinkler irrigation condition, grain yield with high irrigation amount was significantly higher than moderate and low irrigation levels, while had no effects on WUE. Yield and WUE of Huanong 101 was the highest, followed by Xianyu 335 and Zhengdan 985. Under drip irrigation condition, irrigation levels had no effects on grain yield, while WUE was higher with low irrigation level than high levels. Yields were significantly higher than Zhongdan 909 and Zhengdan 985. Therefore, low irrigation level markedly improved WUE but may show non-significant effects on yield of maize under the three irrigation patterns. 【Conclusion】Huanong 101 is more suitable for flooding and micro-sprinkler irrigation which Xundan 20, Xianyu 335, and Denghai 605 were suitable for drip irrigation. |
| Key words: irrigation quota; variety; yield; water use; maize |
