| 引用本文: | 孟丽丽,张婷婷,蒙美莲,等.耕翻深度对马铃薯生长及土壤水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(3):58-65. |
| MENG Lili,ZHANG Tingting,MENG Meilian,et al.耕翻深度对马铃薯生长及土壤水分的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(3):58-65. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】明确马铃薯最适耕翻深度，挖掘马铃薯增产潜能。【方法】在阴山北麓研究了耕翻深度（D20：20 cm、D30：30 cm、D40：40 cm和D50：50 cm）对土壤水分、马铃薯群体质量及产量的影响。【结果】适度深耕翻可显著提高植株的最大叶面积指数， D30、D40和 D50处理较D20处理分别增产30.4%～36.8%、18.5%～21.2%和27.8%～34.8%。适度深耕翻可明显提高马铃薯块茎形成期后的茎叶干物质累积量。在马铃薯块茎干物质积累过程中，自块茎膨大后期之后，D40处理和D50处理较D20处理能够显著促进马铃薯块茎干物质的积累，D40处理最好。生育期间马铃薯田70 cm土层内的平均含水率，D40和D50处理下明显降低，且在D50处理下达显著水平；在最大蓄水土层（20～50 cm）中，D40处理和D50处理含水率显著降低，分别减少7.3%～8.5%和24.9%～27.1%。D40处理和D50处理较D20处理可显著提高马铃薯产量，分别增加29.3%～44.7%和19.4%～41.11%。适度深耕可显著提高马铃薯大薯（>150 g）率，D40处理和D50处理相近，高于浅耕处理，D30处理高于D20处理。【结论】本试验条件下，马铃薯最适耕翻深度为40 cm。 |
| 关键词: 耕翻深度； 马铃薯； 干物质； 土壤湿度； 产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0296 |
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| Effect of Tillage Depth on Potato Growth and Soil Moisture |
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MENG Lili, ZHANG Tingting, MENG Meilian, CHEN Youjun, GUO Wei, HUANG Xinhui, TAN Weilin, WANG Zhanzhong
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College of Agronomy, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010019, China；College of Life Science，Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010018, China; Inner Mongolia Potato Technology Research Institute, Jining 012000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Get the optimum plough depth for potato growth and further to explore the potential yield of potato. 【Method】 A study about the effect of tillage depth on population quality and yield of potato and soil moisture was conducted. 【Result】 Increasing the depth of plough reasonably could significantly increase LAImax, the plough depth of 30, 40 and 50 cm could increase LAImax by 30.4%~36.8%, 18.5%~21.2% and 27.8%~34.8%, respectively, compared to 20 cm. Increasing the depth of plough measurably could facilitate the dry matter accumulation of stem and leaf after stage of tuber formation. Tillage depth of 30 and 50 cm treatment were significantly higher than that of 20 cm. In the process of dry matter accumulation of potato tuber, the treatments of plough 40 and 50 cm were superior to 20 cm from the later stage of tuber expansion, which could significantly improve the dry matter accumulation, and the treatment of plough 40 cm had the best effect on the dry matter accumulation of potato tuber. The average moisture of 70 cm soil layer in potato field was reduced in 40 cm and 50 cm treatment, and significantly reduced in 50 cm treatment. The water content in the maximum water storage layer (20~50 cm) in the 40 and 50 cm treatment significantly decreased by 7.3%~8.5% and 24.9%~27.1% respectively. Increasing the plough depth could promote the yield of potato, and the treatments of plough 40 and 50 cm could reach a significant level, increasing by 29.3%~44.7%, 19.4%~41.11% respectively. Increasing the depth of plough could significantly augment the rate of large tuber (>150 g), and the treatments of plough 40 and 50 cm were better than 30 and 20 cm treatments, and the 30 cm treatment was better than the 20 cm treatment. Increasing plough depth could improve the leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, the rate of large tuber and yield, and decrease the soil moisture in potato field. The increased yield was achieved via increasing water absorption, elevating the accumulation of stem and leaf dry matter, improving the dry matter accumulation of tuber. 【Conclusion】 Based on the results above, 40 cm is the best depth for plough. |
| Key words: ploughing depth; potato; dry matter; soil moisture; yield |
