| 引用本文: | 薛城,王文娥,胡笑涛,等.沟灌简易长喉道量水槽水力性能初探[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(10):87-93. |
| XUE Cheng,WANG Wene,HU Xiaotao,et al.沟灌简易长喉道量水槽水力性能初探[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(10):87-93. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】针对北方灌区田间沟灌缺乏量水设施的现状，设计一种成本低廉、制作安装简易的新型量水设备—便携式三角形长喉道量水槽，分析其水力性能。【方法】在8个流量（1.03、3.03、5.06、7.00、9.00、11.07、13.07、15.05 L/s）工况下，对该量水槽分别进行了自由出流和淹没出流的水力性能试验，测量了槽内共14个控制断面的水深，分析了不同流量下的水面线变化和傅汝德数（Fr）的变化。【结果】拟合出的不同出流状态下的流量公式中，自由出流状态下的最大相对误差为-3.61%，淹没出流下的为6.54%，平均相对误差均在0.5%以内；自由出流下Fr在断面5到断面7之间等于1，临界水深断面产生的具体位置在喉口段中部偏前段，距离量水槽进口首断面325~385 mm；该三角形长喉道量水槽的临界淹没度可达0.83。【结论】单个便携式三角形长喉道量水槽的流量测量范围为1~15 L/s，喉口长度建议为210 mm，临界淹没度在0.80~0.83之间。 |
| 关键词: 沟灌； 长喉道量水槽； 傅汝德数； 水力性能； 流量公式 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0732 |
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| Measuring the Hydraulic Characteristics of the Triangle Long-throated Flume Used in Furrow Irrigation |
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XUE Cheng, WANG Wene, HU Xiaotao, LIU Haiqiang
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Key Laboratory of Agricultural Soil and Water Engineering in Arid and Semiarid Areas, Ministry of Education, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Furrow irrigation is the most common irrigation method and in this paper, we proposed a device to measure its flow rate. The device is easy to install and especially suitable for field furrow irrigation in northern China.【Method】 Hydraulic performance test of the device under free flow and submerged outflow was carried out at eight flow rates ranging from 1.03 to 15.05 L/s. We measured and analyzed the water level at 14 control sections along the flume, from which the formulae for calculating water-depth discharge rate under the free and submerged flows were derived.【Result】The formulae for the discharge rate under different outflow conditions were fitted to the experimental results. Its maximum relative error under free flow and submerged flow condition was -3.61% and 6.54% respectively, and the average relative error was approximately 0.5%. The specific location of the critical water depth section was at the front middle part of the throat, between 325 and 385 mm to the inlet of the flume. The critical submergence of the triangular long throat flume reached 0.83.【Conclusion】The flow rate that the single portable triangular long throat flume can measure is in the range of 1 to 15 L/s, the suggested throat length is 210 mm, and the critical submergence is between 0.80~0.83. |
| Key words: furrow irrigation; portable triangle long-throated flume; Fr; hydraulic performance; formula of water depth versus discharge |
