| 引用本文: | 倪胜利,李兴茂,王亚翠,等.旱后复水对冬小麦生长发育及水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(11):20-25. |
| NI Shengli,LI Xingmao,WANG Yacui,et al.旱后复水对冬小麦生长发育及水分利用效率的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(11):20-25. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】准确掌握冬小麦旱后复水下的形态变化规律及水分利用情况。【方法】采用盆栽试验方法，选取2个不同抗旱性的冬小麦品种（陇鉴108与西平1号）为试验材料，以全生育期充分供水处理为对照（CK），于返青—拔节期、返青—孕穗期、返青—灌浆初期进行不同程度干旱胁迫后，分别在拔节期、孕穗期及灌浆初期进行复水，分析研究了各时期干旱胁迫后复水处理对不同小麦生长发育及水分利用效率的影响。【结果】返青期中度干旱复水处理下，不同抗旱性冬小麦的生长发育、产量要素及水分利用效率均超过相应CK水平，尤其表现在水分利用效率上，陇鉴108为1.224 kg/m3，西平1号为1.033 kg/m3，发生超补偿效应；拔节期中度干旱处理下只有抗旱性强的品种陇鉴108的穗粒数、千粒质量及产量比CK略有增加，但增加不显著；其他干旱处理下2个品种的生长发育、产量要素、干物质积累均未达相应CK水平。重度干旱复水处理下，随着干旱胁迫程度的加强与复水时期的推迟，小麦的生长发育、产量要素、干物质积累与收获指数总体呈现下降趋势，且抗旱性中等的品种西平1号要比抗旱性较强的品种陇鉴108下降的快。【结论】不同抗旱性冬小麦品种在不同干旱胁迫程度后复水下生长发育的补偿效应不同，同等胁迫后同一复水时期处理下，抗旱性较强品种的生长发育恢复及水分利用明显高于抗旱性弱的品种，尤其是在相同处理水平下，抗旱性较强的品种陇鉴108的收获指数与水分利用效率均比抗旱性较弱的西平1号高。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦； 干旱； 复水； 生长； 产量； 补偿效应； 水分利用效率 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2017.0720 |
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| Physiological Development and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat After Re-watering Following Drought Stresses at Different Growth Stages |
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NI Shengli, LI Xingmao, WANG Yacui, REN Genshen
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1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture for Northwest Crop Drought-resistant Production and Farming System/Dryland Agriculture Institute, Gansu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730070, China; 2.Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Pingliang 744000, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 The purpose of this work is to experimentally study the effects of re-watering after drought stress occurring at different growth stages on growth and water use of winter wheat under different growth stages.【Method】 The experiments were conducted in pots using two varieties with different drought tolerance: Longjian 108 and Xiping 1. For each variety, water stress was imposed between greening and jointing stage, or greening and booting stage, or booting and filling stage; sufficient irrigation was used as the control. The wheat was re-watered at the end of the imposed water stress. For each treatment, we measured physiological development and ultimate yield of the crops after re-watering. 【Result】 Re-watering after a moderate drought at greening period enhanced growth, yield and water use (WUE) of the two wheats, compared to CK, especially WUE which increased to 1.224 kg/m3 for Longjian 108 and 1.033 kg/m3 for Xiping 1. Re-watering after a moderate drought at the jointing stage only slightly improved the weight of the 1000-grain and the yield of Longjian 108, compared to the CK. Under other treatments, the growth, yield factors, dry matter accumulation of the two varieties were unable to recover their levels under CK. Re-watering after severe drought in other treatments also failed to recover the growth, dry matter accumulation, yield and harvest traits. The growth, growth traits, dry matter accumulation and harvest index after re-watering following a severe drought decreased, with the severity of the drought increasing and the re-watering delaying, especially for Xiping 1. 【Conclusion】The compensative effects of re-watering after a drought stress varied with crop variety and the time that the drought stress occurred. Under the same drought and re-watering condition, the recovery of the more drought-resistant Longjian 108 was significantly quicker than the less drought-resistant Xiping 1. Under the same treatment, the harvest index and water use efficiency of Longjian 108 were also higher than that of Xiping 1. |
| Key words: winter wheat; drought; Re-watering; growth; yield; compensation effect; water use efficiency |
