| 引用本文: | 崔嘉欣,宁慧峰,宋妮,等.旱后复水对冬小麦旗叶生理特性及籽粒产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(1):8-13+55. |
| CUI Jiaxin,NING Huifeng,SONG Ni,et al.旱后复水对冬小麦旗叶生理特性及籽粒产量的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(1):8-13+55. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探索冬小麦旗叶生理特性等指标对不同水分调控的响应过程。【方法】通过防雨棚测坑试验，研究了不同水分处理（抽穗扬花期设置充分供水（CK）、轻度和重度水分胁迫，灌浆成熟期恢复正常供水）对冬小麦旗叶脯氨酸质量分数、可溶性糖质量分数、叶绿素质量分数和丙二醛质量分数及籽粒产量等指标的影响。【结果】抽穗扬花期轻度亏水处理（T1）在复水后第1天旗叶的脯氨酸质量分数高于CK、叶绿素质量分数低于CK但两者均未达到显著水平，复水后第11天可溶性糖质量分数低于CK且差异显著，丙二醛质量分数高于CK但差异不显著，与CK相比，籽粒产量降低了4.3%，且差异不显著；抽穗扬花期重度亏水的处理（T2处理）在复水后第16天的旗叶脯氨酸质量分数和可溶性糖质量分数均低于CK水平，且差异不显著，与CK相比，穗粒数和籽粒产量分别降低了10.6%和13.6%，差异显著（p<0.05），千粒质量和有效穗数与CK的差异均不显著。【结论】在抽穗扬花期轻度干旱胁迫灌浆期恢复正常供水，可在保证产量不明显降低的前提下有效提高灌溉水利用效率；抽穗扬花期重度干旱胁迫，会对冬小麦叶片主要生理指标产生较大负面影响，进而影响冬小麦籽粒产量的形成。 |
| 关键词: 冬小麦； 干旱胁迫； 复水； 旗叶生理特性； 产量 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180344 |
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| Physiological Development and Yield of Winter Wheat After Rehydration Following Water Stress at Heading and Flowing Stage |
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CUI Jiaxin, NING Huifeng, SONG Ni, ZHANG Yingying, LIU Xiaofei, SHEN Xiaojun
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Key Laboratory of Crop Water Use and Regulation, Chinese Ministry of Agriculture, Farmland Irrigation Reasearch Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】 Letting a plant suffer water stress at certain stages does not necessarily lead to a fatal damage to yield and, in contrast, is a way to improve water use efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an experimental study on the response of physiological traits and yield of winter wheat to rehydration after it suffered different degree of water deficiency at heading and flowering stage.【Method】The experiments were conducted in lysimeters with rain-shelf and the water stress was introduced during the heading and flowing stage via moderate (T1) or severe (T2) deficit irrigation, followed by a sufficient irrigation at the grain-filling stage. The control (CK) was sufficient irrigation during the heading and flowing stage with other treatments kept the same. In each treatment, we measured the physiological traits including proline mass fraction, soluble sugar mass fraction, chlorophyll mass fraction and MDA mass fraction in the flag leaf.【Result】Compared to CK, T1 increased the proline mass fraction but reduced the chlorophyll mass fraction first day after rehydration, although neither was significant. Eleven days after the rehydration, the soluble sugar mass fraction under T1 was significantly lower than that under CK, as opposed to MDA mass fraction that was insignificantly higher under water deficit irrigation than under CK. Compared to CK, water deficiency reduced the grain yield insignificantly by 4.3%. Under T2, both proline mass fraction and soluble sugar mass fraction 16 days after the rehydration were insignificantly lower than that under CK. Compared with CK, T2 reduced the grains per spike and the grain yield by 10.6% and 13.6%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the difference in grain number and yield per spike was significant (p<0.05) while the difference in the 1000-grain weight was not significant between CK and the treatments.【Conclusion】A moderate water stress at the heading and flowering stage coupled with a sufficient water supply in the grain filling period can effectively improve water efficiency without scarifying yield, while a severe water stress at the heading and flowering stage could cause a permanent damage to the plant thereby yield loss even followed by sufficient irrigation.【Objective】 Letting a plant suffer water stress at certain stages does not necessarily lead to a fatal damage to yield and, in contrast, is a way to improve water use efficiency. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an experimental study on the response of physiological traits and yield of winter wheat to rehydration after it suffered different degree of water deficiency at heading and flowering stage.【Method】The experiments were conducted in lysimeters with rain-shelf and the water stress was introduced during the heading and flowing stage via moderate (T1) or severe (T2) deficit irrigation, followed by a sufficient irrigation at the grain-filling stage. The control (CK) was sufficient irrigation during the heading and flowing stage with other treatments kept the same. In each treatment, we measured the physiological traits including proline mass fraction, soluble sugar mass fraction, chlorophyll mass fraction and MDA mass fraction in the flag leaf.【Result】Compared to CK, T1 increased the proline mass fraction but reduced the chlorophyll mass fraction first day after rehydration, although neither was significant. Eleven days after the rehydration, the soluble sugar mass fraction under T1 was significantly lower than that under CK, as opposed to MDA mass fraction that was insignificantly higher under water deficit irrigation than under CK. Compared to CK, water deficiency reduced the grain yield insignificantly by 4.3%. Under T2, both proline mass fraction and soluble sugar mass fraction 16 days after the rehydration were insignificantly lower than that under CK. Compared with CK, T2 reduced the grains per spike and the grain yield by 10.6% and 13.6%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the difference in grain number and yield per spike was significant (p<0.05) while the difference in the 1000-grain weight was not significant between CK and the treatments.【Conclusion】A moderate water stress at the heading and flowering stage coupled with a sufficient water supply in the grain filling period can effectively improve water efficiency without scarifying yield, while a severe water stress at the heading and flowering stage could cause a permanent damage to the plant thereby yield loss even followed by sufficient irrigation. |
| Key words: winter wheat; drought stress; rehydration; physiological characteristics of flag leaves; grain yield |
