| 引用本文: | 张金丁,魏占民,徐大为,等.河套灌区渠道水深对渠床土壤入渗特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(1):69-76. |
| ZHANG Jinding,WEI Zhanmin,XU Dawei,et al.河套灌区渠道水深对渠床土壤入渗特性的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2019,38(1):69-76. |
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| 摘要: |
| 【目的】探究渠道水深对渠床土壤入渗特性的影响及其变化规律。【方法】以河套灌区典型斗渠规模的渠道水深对渠床土壤入渗特性的影响为对象，采用水位下降静水法入渗试验，分析了渠道水深对累积入渗量、入渗率、渗漏强度的影响。【结果】①在同一渠道水深条件下，土壤累积入渗量随着渗漏用时的延长而增加；土壤入渗率和渠道渗漏强度均随渗漏用时逐渐减小并最终趋于稳定。②不同渠道水深条件下土壤累积入渗量、土壤入渗率和渠道渗漏强度均呈现出随水深的增加而增大的趋势。③在渠道水深作用下渠床土壤含水率动态分布受基质势梯度、土壤导水率及湿周的影响较大。【结论】渠道水深对渠床土壤入渗特性中的累积入渗量、入渗率、渗漏强度及渠床土壤含水率动态分布均有较大影响，且前三者均随水深的增加而呈现指数规律增大，并且在不同渠道水深的相近入渗特性下最优水深为70 cm。 |
| 关键词: 渠道水深；入渗特性；入渗率；累积入渗量；渗漏强度 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180271 |
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| The Influence of Water Depth on Water Leaching from Channel in Hetao Irrigation District |
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ZHANG Jinding,WEI Zhanmin,XU Dawei,YANG Xudong,WANG Fu
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Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agriculture University, Hohhot 010018, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】Water leaching from channels in irrigation district is affected by many factors and in this paper, we investigate experimentally the role of water depth inside the channel in impacting water leaching.【Method】The experiment was conducted in channels in Hetao Irrigation District, and in the experiment we measured infiltration rate and accumulating infiltration using static water surface method.【Result】①When water depth inside the channel was the same, the cumulative infiltration into soil from the channel bed increased with the infiltration time and both soil infiltration rate and the channel seepage rate decreased as time elapsed, reaching steady state ultimately. ②The accumulated infiltration, soil infiltration rate and channel leaching intensity varied differently with water depth inside the channel. ③Changes in soil moisture in the channel bed was influenced by potential gradient in soil, soil water conductivity and the wetting perimeter.【Conclusion】Water depth inside the channel has a great influence on cumulative infiltration, infiltration rate, water leaching and soil moisture dynamics in the channel bed, with the former three exponentially increasing with the water depth. An optimal water depth of 70 cm can be used under the similar infiltration condition. |
| Key words: channel depth; infiltration characteristics; infiltration rate; cumulative infiltration; the intensity of leakage |
