| 摘要: |
| 【目的】寻找适宜的低压滴灌节水模式。【方法】以8 a生“不知火”柑橘为试材，2017—2018年在柑橘抽梢开花期（Ⅰ）、幼果期（Ⅱ）、果实膨大期（Ⅲ）和果实成熟期（Ⅳ）各设置4个亏水处理，即轻度亏水（LD）、中度亏水（MD1）、偏重度亏水（MD2）和重度亏水（SD）处理，并设置1个对照（CK，充分灌水）。探究了低压滴灌不同生育期水分亏缺对柑橘叶片生理特性的影响。【结果】Ⅰ期MD1和LD处理对H2O2量、GSH量和PRO量并没有显著影响，但可以显著提高NR活性和产量，分别较CK提高20.9%和21.7%以及5.1%和3.1%；在Ⅱ期进行MD1和LD处理对灌水后的H2O2量和GSH量以及PRO量、NR活性和产量都没有显著影响，但可以显著提高作物水分利用效率；在Ⅲ期进行水分亏缺会导致H2O2量和GSH量以及PRO量上升，以及NR活性和产量的下降；在Ⅳ期进行LD处理的H2O2、GSH、PRO、NR活性和产量均与CK处理无显著差异，但可以提高水分利用效率。【结论】Ⅰ期中度亏水处理（Ⅰ-MD1），Ⅱ期轻度亏水处理（Ⅱ-LD），Ⅲ期充分灌溉，Ⅳ期轻度亏水处理（Ⅳ- LD）在维持柑橘叶片生理活性的同时，可以获得最高产量和较高的水分利用效率，是适合低压滴灌柑橘的灌溉方式。 |
| 关键词: 水分亏缺；柑橘；叶片酶； 低压滴灌 |
| DOI：10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.20180709 |
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| Effects of Water Deficit at Different Growth Stages on Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Citrus Leaves under Low-pressure Drip Irrigation |
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LI Hongping, CUI Ningbo, CHEN Yuxin
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1.State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering & College of Water Resourse and Hydropower, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China; 2. Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-saving Agriculture in Hill Area of Southern China, Chengdu 610066, China
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| Abstract: |
| 【Objective】The purpose of this paper is to find a proper mode for low-pressure drip irrigation. 【Method】 From 2017 to 2018, 8- year -old Shiranui citrus ware studied. A total of 4 water deficit treatments were designed in 4 growing stage of citrus fruit (leafing-flowering stage (I), young fruit stage (II), fruit expansion stage (III) and fruit maturing stage (Ⅳ). Meanwhile, the treatment without water deficit was considered as the control with 100% irrigation amount. The 4 water deficit treatments included 85% of irrigation amount (slight water deficit, LD), 70% of irrigation amount (moderate water deficit, MD1), 55% of irrigation amount (mild water deficit, MD2), and 40% of irrigation amount (severe water deficit, SD), and the effect of water deficit on the physiological characteristics of citrus leaves under low-pressure drip irrigation was investigate.【Result】MD1 and LD treatment in the first stage had no significant effect on H2O2, GSH and PRO, but could significantly increase NR activity and yield, which were 20.9% and 21.7% higher than CK, 5.1% and 3.1% higher than CK, respectively. MD1 and LD treatment in the second stage had no significant effect on the H2O2 ,PRO, GSH and NR activity after rewatering, but could significantly improve the water use efficiency of crops. Water deficit in the third growth stage will lead to the increase of H2O2, PRO and GSH, as well as the decrease of NR activity and yield. The H2O2 , GSH, PRO, NR activity and yield treated with LD in the fourth growth stage were not significantly different from those treated with CK, but water use efficiency was improved. 【Conclusion】Therefore, stage I moderate deficit water treatment (I-MD1), stage II slight deficit water treatment (II-LD), stage III full irrigation and stage IV slight deficit water treatment (IV-LD) can achieve the highest yield and higher water use efficiency while maintaining the physiological activity of citrus leaves, which is a suitable irrigation method for low-pressure drip irrigation of citrus. |
| Key words: water deficit; citrus; leaf enzyme; low-pressure drip irrigation |
